Adding within 10

Key words. Add means put together. The sum is the total.

Method. Put the two groups together. Then count all the things, one at a time.

1. Count the first group: 2. Touch each one once.
   2
2. Count the second group: 3. Put the groups together and count on.
   2 + 3
3. Count all of them. Count from 1 to the total, touching each thing once.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5
4. Write the answer.
   5

Check. Count the whole group from the other end. You get 5 again. ✓

Watch out. Do not count the first group again from 1 when you count all.

Key words. Add means put together. The sum is the total.

Method. Put the two groups together. Then count all the things, one at a time.

1. Count the first group: 4. Touch each one once.
   4
2. Count the second group: 2. Put the groups together and count on.
   4 + 2
3. Count all of them. Count from 1 to the total, touching each thing once.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
4. Write the answer.
   6

Check. Count the whole group from the other end. You get 6 again. ✓

Watch out. Do not count the first group again from 1 when you count all.

Key words. Add means put together. The sum is the total.

Method. Put the two groups together. Then count all the things, one at a time.

1. Count the first group: 5. Touch each one once.
   5
2. Count the second group: 4. Put the groups together and count on.
   5 + 4
3. Count all of them. Count from 1 to the total, touching each thing once.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
4. Write the answer.
   9

Check. Count the whole group from the other end. You get 9 again. ✓

Watch out. Do not count the first group again from 1 when you count all.

Key words. Add means put together. The sum is the total.

Method. Put the two groups together. Then count all the things, one at a time.

1. Count the first group: 3. Touch each one once.
   3
2. Count the second group: 6. Put the groups together and count on.
   3 + 6
3. Count all of them. Count from 1 to the total, touching each thing once.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
4. Write the answer.
   9

Check. Count the whole group from the other end. You get 9 again. ✓

Watch out. Do not count the first group again from 1 when you count all.

Key words. Add means put together. The sum is the total.

Method. Put the two groups together. Then count all the things, one at a time.

1. Count the first group: 1. Touch each one once.
   1
2. Count the second group: 7. Put the groups together and count on.
   1 + 7
3. Count all of them. Count from 1 to the total, touching each thing once.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
4. Write the answer.
   8

Check. Count the whole group from the other end. You get 8 again. ✓

Watch out. Do not count the first group again from 1 when you count all.

Key words. Add means put together. The sum is the total.

Method. Put the two groups together. Then count all the things, one at a time.

1. Count the first group: 6. Touch each one once.
   6
2. Count the second group: 4. Put the groups together and count on.
   6 + 4
3. Count all of them. Count from 1 to the total, touching each thing once.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
4. Write the answer.
   10

Check. Count the whole group from the other end. You get 10 again. ✓

Watch out. Do not count the first group again from 1 when you count all.

Key words. Add means put together. The sum is the total.

Method. Put the two groups together. Then count all the things, one at a time.

1. Count the first group: 2. Touch each one once.
   2
2. Count the second group: 6. Put the groups together and count on.
   2 + 6
3. Count all of them. Count from 1 to the total, touching each thing once.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
4. Write the answer.
   8

Check. Count the whole group from the other end. You get 8 again. ✓

Watch out. Do not count the first group again from 1 when you count all.

Key words. Add means put together. The sum is the total.

Method. Put the two groups together. Then count all the things, one at a time.

1. Count the first group: 3. Touch each one once.
   3
2. Count the second group: 1. Put the groups together and count on.
   3 + 1
3. Count all of them. Count from 1 to the total, touching each thing once.
   1, 2, 3, 4
4. Write the answer.
   4

Check. Count the whole group from the other end. You get 4 again. ✓

Watch out. Do not count the first group again from 1 when you count all.

Key words. Add means put together. The sum is the total.

Method. Put the two groups together. Then count all the things, one at a time.

1. Count the first group: 4. Touch each one once.
   4
2. Count the second group: 5. Put the groups together and count on.
   4 + 5
3. Count all of them. Count from 1 to the total, touching each thing once.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
4. Write the answer.
   9

Check. Count the whole group from the other end. You get 9 again. ✓

Watch out. Do not count the first group again from 1 when you count all.

Key words. Add means put together. The sum is the total.

Method. Put the two groups together. Then count all the things, one at a time.

1. Count the first group: 3. Touch each one once.
   3
2. Count the second group: 4. Put the groups together and count on.
   3 + 4
3. Count all of them. Count from 1 to the total, touching each thing once.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
4. Write the answer.
   7

Check. Count the whole group from the other end. You get 7 again. ✓

Watch out. Do not count the first group again from 1 when you count all.

Key words. Add means put together. The sum is the total.

Method. Put the two groups together. Then count all the things, one at a time.

1. Count the first group: 2. Touch each one once.
   2
2. Count the second group: 6. Put the groups together and count on.
   2 + 6
3. Count all of them. Count from 1 to the total, touching each thing once.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
4. Write the answer.
   8

Check. Count the whole group from the other end. You get 8 again. ✓

Watch out. Do not count the first group again from 1 when you count all.

Method. Put the groups together in each order, then count all.

1. Count 3 and 2. Count all the things.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5
2. Count 2 and 3. Count all the things again, in the other order.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5
3. Compare the totals. The totals are the same.
   5 = 5
4. Write the answer.
   Yes. Both make 5.

Check. The two groups are the same, only in a different order. ✓

Watch out. Changing the order does not change the total.

Key words. The plus sign + means add. The equals sign = means is the same as.

Method. Write the two numbers, the plus sign, the equals sign and the total.

1. Write the first number. This is the first group.
   1
2. Add the plus sign and the second number. The plus sign means put together.
   1 + 2
3. Add the equals sign and the total. The equals sign means is the same as.
   1 + 2 = 3
4. Write the answer.
   1 + 2 = 3

Check. Read the sentence aloud in your head: 1 add 2 is the same as 3. ✓

Watch out. Write the equals sign at the end. Do not miss it out.

Key words. Add means put together. The sum is the total.

Method. Put the two groups together. Then count all the things, one at a time.

1. Count the first group: 2. Touch each one once.
   2
2. Count the second group: 3. Put the groups together and count on.
   2 + 3
3. Count all of them. Count from 1 to the total, touching each thing once.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5
4. Write the answer.
   5

Check. Count the whole group from the other end. You get 5 again. ✓

Watch out. Do not count the first group again from 1 when you count all.

Key words. The plus sign + means add. The equals sign = means is the same as.

Method. Write the two numbers, the plus sign, the equals sign and the total.

1. Write the first number. This is the first group.
   4
2. Add the plus sign and the second number. The plus sign means put together.
   4 + 3
3. Add the equals sign and the total. The equals sign means is the same as.
   4 + 3 = 7
4. Write the answer.
   4 + 3 = 7

Check. Read the sentence aloud in your head: 4 add 3 is the same as 7. ✓

Watch out. Write the equals sign at the end. Do not miss it out.

Method. The plus sign tells us to put groups together.

1. Look at the sign. It is the plus sign, +.
   +
2. Think about what it does. It means put together, or add.
   put together
3. Write the answer.
   Put together

Check. In 2 + 3, we put the 2 and the 3 together. ✓

Watch out. The plus sign does not mean take away.

Method. The equals sign shows that two sides are the same.

1. Look at the sign. It is the equals sign, =.
   =
2. Think about what it shows. Both sides have the same total.
   same total
3. Write the answer.
   Is the same as

Check. 2 + 3 = 5 means 2 + 3 is the same as 5. ✓

Watch out. The equals sign does not mean the answer comes next. It means is the same as.

Method. Start at 5. Count on until you reach 9. The number of steps is the missing number.

1. Start at 5. That is the first group.
   5
2. Count on to 9. Say each number as you count on.
   6, 7, 8, 9
3. Count the steps. The number of steps is the missing part.
   4 steps
4. Write the answer.
   4

Check. Count on 4 from 5: you reach 9. ✓

Watch out. Count the steps, not the numbers you start with.

Key words. Add means put together. The sum is the total.

Method. Put the two groups together. Then count all the things, one at a time.

1. Count the first group: 3. Touch each one once.
   3
2. Count the second group: 6. Put the groups together and count on.
   3 + 6
3. Count all of them. Count from 1 to the total, touching each thing once.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
4. Write the answer.
   9

Check. Count the whole group from the other end. You get 9 again. ✓

Watch out. Do not count the first group again from 1 when you count all.

Method. Count 2 and 4 together to check the total.

1. Count 2 and 4. Count all the things, one at a time.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
2. Find the total. The total is 6, not 7.
   2 + 4 = 6
3. Write the answer.
   2 + 4 = 6

Check. Count the whole group again: 6. ✓

Watch out. Check the total, do not guess.

Key words. The plus sign + means add. The equals sign = means is the same as.

Method. Write the two numbers, the plus sign, the equals sign and the total.

1. Write the first number. This is the first group.
   3
2. Add the plus sign and the second number. The plus sign means put together.
   3 + 5
3. Add the equals sign and the total. The equals sign means is the same as.
   3 + 5 = 8
4. Write the answer.
   3 + 5 = 8

Check. Read the sentence aloud in your head: 3 add 5 is the same as 8. ✓

Watch out. Write the equals sign at the end. Do not miss it out.

Method. Count the two groups of 4, then write the total.

1. Count the first 4. Four things.
   4
2. Count the second 4. Four more things.
   4 + 4
3. Find the total. Four and four make 8, not 9.
   4 + 4 = 8
4. Write the answer.
   4 + 4 = 8

Check. Count 8 things in all: 1 to 8. ✓

Watch out. Check the total, not what it looks like.

Method. Start at 2. Count on until you reach 6. The number of steps is the missing number.

1. Start at 2. That is the first group.
   2
2. Count on to 6. Say each number as you count on.
   3, 4, 5, 6
3. Count the steps. The number of steps is the missing part.
   4 steps
4. Write the answer.
   4

Check. Count on 4 from 2: you reach 6. ✓

Watch out. Count the steps, not the numbers you start with.

Method. Think about the two groups.

1. Look at the groups. The same two groups are in both sums.
   2 and 3
2. Think about the order. Putting them together works in either order.
   order does not matter
3. Write the answer.
   Accept any answer: the same two groups are put together, so the total is the same.

Check. Count both sums: 5 and 5. ✓

Watch out. Changing the order does not change the total.

Key words. Count on means start at one number and keep counting up.

Method. Start at the bigger number. Then count on the smaller number.

1. Start at 7. It is the bigger number, so we start there.
   7
2. Count on 2 more. Say each number as you count on.
   7, 8, 9
3. Write the answer. The last number you say is the total.
   9

Check. Count back 2 from 9: you get to 7. ✓

Watch out. Start with the bigger number, not the smaller one. It takes fewer steps.

Key words. Count on means start at one number and keep counting up.

Method. Start at the bigger number. Then count on the smaller number.

1. Start at 7. It is the bigger number, so we start there.
   7
2. Count on 2 more. Say each number as you count on.
   7, 8, 9
3. Write the answer. The last number you say is the total.
   9

Check. Count back 2 from 9: you get to 7. ✓

Watch out. Start with the bigger number, not the smaller one. It takes fewer steps.

Key words. Count on means start at one number and keep counting up.

Method. Start at the bigger number. Then count on the smaller number.

1. Start at 5. It is the bigger number, so we start there.
   5
2. Count on 3 more. Say each number as you count on.
   5, 6, 7, 8
3. Write the answer. The last number you say is the total.
   8

Check. Count back 3 from 8: you get to 5. ✓

Watch out. Start with the bigger number, not the smaller one. It takes fewer steps.

Key words. Count on means start at one number and keep counting up.

Method. Start at the bigger number. Then count on the smaller number.

1. Start at 5. It is the bigger number, so we start there.
   5
2. Count on 3 more. Say each number as you count on.
   5, 6, 7, 8
3. Write the answer. The last number you say is the total.
   8

Check. Count back 3 from 8: you get to 5. ✓

Watch out. Start with the bigger number, not the smaller one. It takes fewer steps.

Key words. Count on means start at one number and keep counting up.

Method. Start at the bigger number. Then count on the smaller number.

1. Start at 6. It is the bigger number, so we start there.
   6
2. Count on 4 more. Say each number as you count on.
   6, 7, 8, 9, 10
3. Write the answer. The last number you say is the total.
   10

Check. Count back 4 from 10: you get to 6. ✓

Watch out. Start with the bigger number, not the smaller one. It takes fewer steps.

Key words. Count on means start at one number and keep counting up.

Method. Start at the bigger number. Then count on the smaller number.

1. Start at 8. It is the bigger number, so we start there.
   8
2. Count on 1 more. Say each number as you count on.
   8, 9
3. Write the answer. The last number you say is the total.
   9

Check. Count back 1 from 9: you get to 8. ✓

Watch out. Start with the bigger number, not the smaller one. It takes fewer steps.

Key words. Count on means start at one number and keep counting up.

Method. Start at the bigger number. Then count on the smaller number.

1. Start at 8. It is the bigger number, so we start there.
   8
2. Count on 1 more. Say each number as you count on.
   8, 9
3. Write the answer. The last number you say is the total.
   9

Check. Count back 1 from 9: you get to 8. ✓

Watch out. Start with the bigger number, not the smaller one. It takes fewer steps.

Key words. Count on means start at one number and keep counting up.

Method. Start at the bigger number. Then count on the smaller number.

1. Start at 4. It is the bigger number, so we start there.
   4
2. Count on 3 more. Say each number as you count on.
   4, 5, 6, 7
3. Write the answer. The last number you say is the total.
   7

Check. Count back 3 from 7: you get to 4. ✓

Watch out. Start with the bigger number, not the smaller one. It takes fewer steps.

Key words. Count on means start at one number and keep counting up.

Method. Start at the bigger number. Then count on the smaller number.

1. Start at 7. It is the bigger number, so we start there.
   7
2. Count on 2 more. Say each number as you count on.
   7, 8, 9
3. Write the answer. The last number you say is the total.
   9

Check. Count back 2 from 9: you get to 7. ✓

Watch out. Start with the bigger number, not the smaller one. It takes fewer steps.

Key words. Count on means start at one number and keep counting up.

Method. Start at the bigger number. Then count on the smaller number.

1. Start at 6. It is the bigger number, so we start there.
   6
2. Count on 3 more. Say each number as you count on.
   6, 7, 8, 9
3. Write the answer. The last number you say is the total.
   9

Check. Count back 3 from 9: you get to 6. ✓

Watch out. Start with the bigger number, not the smaller one. It takes fewer steps.

Method. Count on from the bigger number.

1. Look at 6 + 2. Start at 6 and count on 2 more.
   6, 7, 8
2. Look at 2 + 6. Start at 2 and count on 6 more, which is longer.
   2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
3. Write the answer.
   6 + 2, because you start at 6 and count on 2.

Check. Both give 8, but counting on 2 is quicker. ✓

Watch out. Start with the bigger number to take fewer steps.

Method. Think about how many steps you need to count.

1. Start at the bigger number. It is the first number you say.
   bigger first
2. Count on the smaller number. Fewer steps are needed.
   fewer steps
3. Write the answer.
   Accept any answer: there are fewer steps to count on, so it is quicker.

Check. Count both ways to see the same total. ✓

Watch out. Fewer steps means less chance of a mistake.

Method. A double is two equal groups. Add the same number twice.

1. Look at the two equal groups of 2. Both groups are the same.
   2 and 2
2. Count on from the first group. Count on the second group, one at a time.
   2 + 2
3. Write the answer.
   4

Check. Count 2 and 2 together: 4. ✓

Watch out. When both parts are the same, it is a double.

Method. A double is two equal groups. Add the same number twice.

1. Look at the two equal groups of 3. Both groups are the same.
   3 and 3
2. Count on from the first group. Count on the second group, one at a time.
   3 + 3
3. Write the answer.
   6

Check. Count 3 and 3 together: 6. ✓

Watch out. When both parts are the same, it is a double.

Method. A double is two equal groups. Add the same number twice.

1. Look at the two equal groups of 5. Both groups are the same.
   5 and 5
2. Count on from the first group. Count on the second group, one at a time.
   5 + 5
3. Write the answer.
   10

Check. Count 5 and 5 together: 10. ✓

Watch out. When both parts are the same, it is a double.

Method. A double is two equal groups. Add the same number twice.

1. Look at the two equal groups of 4. Both groups are the same.
   4 and 4
2. Count on from the first group. Count on the second group, one at a time.
   4 + 4
3. Write the answer.
   8

Check. Count 4 and 4 together: 8. ✓

Watch out. When both parts are the same, it is a double.

Method. A double is two equal groups. Add the same number twice.

1. Look at the two equal groups of 1. Both groups are the same.
   1 and 1
2. Count on from the first group. Count on the second group, one at a time.
   1 + 1
3. Write the answer.
   2

Check. Count 1 and 1 together: 2. ✓

Watch out. When both parts are the same, it is a double.

Method. A near double is a double plus one. Use 4 + 4 and then add one more.

1. Think of 4 + 4. That is a double, so you know it.
   4 + 4 = 8
2. Add one more. The second number is one more, so add one.
   8 + 1 = 9
3. Write the answer.
   9

Check. Count 4 and 5 together: 9. ✓

Watch out. Use the double you know, then add one more.

Method. A near double is a double plus one. Use 3 + 3 and then add one more.

1. Think of 3 + 3. That is a double, so you know it.
   3 + 3 = 6
2. Add one more. The second number is one more, so add one.
   6 + 1 = 7
3. Write the answer.
   7

Check. Count 3 and 4 together: 7. ✓

Watch out. Use the double you know, then add one more.

Method. A near double is a double plus one. Use 2 + 2 and then add one more.

1. Think of 2 + 2. That is a double, so you know it.
   2 + 2 = 4
2. Add one more. The second number is one more, so add one.
   4 + 1 = 5
3. Write the answer.
   5

Check. Count 2 and 3 together: 5. ✓

Watch out. Use the double you know, then add one more.

Method. A double is two equal groups. Add the same number twice.

1. Look at the two equal groups of 4. Both groups are the same.
   4 and 4
2. Count on from the first group. Count on the second group, one at a time.
   4 + 4
3. Write the answer.
   8

Check. Count 4 and 4 together: 8. ✓

Watch out. When both parts are the same, it is a double.

Method. A near double is a double plus one. Use 3 + 3 and then add one more.

1. Think of 3 + 3. That is a double, so you know it.
   3 + 3 = 6
2. Add one more. The second number is one more, so add one.
   6 + 1 = 7
3. Write the answer.
   7

Check. Count 3 and 4 together: 7. ✓

Watch out. Use the double you know, then add one more.

Method. A double has two equal parts. A near double has parts that are one apart.

1. Look at 4 + 4. Both parts are 4, so it is a double.
   4 = 4
2. Look at 4 + 5. The parts are 4 and 5, one apart, so it is a near double.
   5 = 4 + 1
3. Write the answer.
   Yes, 4 + 4 is a double. 4 + 5 is a near double, because it is one more than 4 + 4.

Check. 4 + 4 = 8, and 4 + 5 = 9. ✓

Watch out. Both parts of a double are the same number.

Method. Use the double 4 + 4 = 8, then take one away for 4 + 3.

1. Think of 4 + 4. That is a double, which is 8.
   4 + 4 = 8
2. Compare 4 + 3. The second number is one less than 4, so the total is one less.
   8 − 1 = 7
3. Write the answer.
   4 + 3 is 7, because 4 + 4 is 8 and 4 + 3 is one less.

Check. Count 4 + 3 on: 5, 6, 7. ✓

Watch out. Start from the double you know.

Method. Put the counters in the ten frame. Count the red and yellow counters together.

1. Count the red counters: 4. Start from the top left.
   4
2. Count the yellow counters: 2. They go after the red counters.
   4 + 2
3. Count them all. Count from 1 to the total.
   1 to 6
4. Write the answer.
   6

Check. Count the counters once more. There are 6. ✓

Watch out. Count the counters in order, one at a time.

Method. Put the counters in the ten frame. Count the red and yellow counters together.

1. Count the red counters: 5. Start from the top left.
   5
2. Count the yellow counters: 5. They go after the red counters.
   5 + 5
3. Count them all. Count from 1 to the total.
   1 to 10
4. Write the answer.
   10

Check. Count the counters once more. There are 10. ✓

Watch out. Count the counters in order, one at a time.

Method. Put the counters in the ten frame. Count the red and yellow counters together.

1. Count the red counters: 3. Start from the top left.
   3
2. Count the yellow counters: 4. They go after the red counters.
   3 + 4
3. Count them all. Count from 1 to the total.
   1 to 7
4. Write the answer.
   7

Check. Count the counters once more. There are 7. ✓

Watch out. Count the counters in order, one at a time.

Method. Put the counters in the ten frame. Count the red and yellow counters together.

1. Count the red counters: 2. Start from the top left.
   2
2. Count the yellow counters: 6. They go after the red counters.
   2 + 6
3. Count them all. Count from 1 to the total.
   1 to 8
4. Write the answer.
   8

Check. Count the counters once more. There are 8. ✓

Watch out. Count the counters in order, one at a time.

Method. Put the counters in the ten frame. Count the red and yellow counters together.

1. Count the red counters: 7. Start from the top left.
   7
2. Count the yellow counters: 3. They go after the red counters.
   7 + 3
3. Count them all. Count from 1 to the total.
   1 to 10
4. Write the answer.
   10

Check. Count the counters once more. There are 10. ✓

Watch out. Count the counters in order, one at a time.

Method. Start at 6. Count on until you reach 10. The number of steps is the missing number.

1. Start at 6. That is the first group.
   6
2. Count on to 10. Say each number as you count on.
   7, 8, 9, 10
3. Count the steps. The number of steps is the missing part.
   4 steps
4. Write the answer.
   4

Check. Count on 4 from 6: you reach 10. ✓

Watch out. Count the steps, not the numbers you start with.

Method. Start at 8. Count on until you reach 10. The number of steps is the missing number.

1. Start at 8. That is the first group.
   8
2. Count on to 10. Say each number as you count on.
   9, 10
3. Count the steps. The number of steps is the missing part.
   2 steps
4. Write the answer.
   2

Check. Count on 2 from 8: you reach 10. ✓

Watch out. Count the steps, not the numbers you start with.

Method. Add two numbers first. Then add the third number to the total.

1. Add 2 and 3. Put the first two together.
   2 + 3 = 5
2. Add 1 more. Count on from the total.
   5 + 1 = 6
3. Write the answer.
   6

Check. Check by adding in a different order: 1 + 2 + 3 = 6. ✓

Watch out. Keep the total small. Three numbers must still make 10 or less here.

Method. Put the counters in the ten frame. Count the red and yellow counters together.

1. Count the red counters: 4. Start from the top left.
   4
2. Count the yellow counters: 3. They go after the red counters.
   4 + 3
3. Count them all. Count from 1 to the total.
   1 to 7
4. Write the answer.
   7

Check. Count the counters once more. There are 7. ✓

Watch out. Count the counters in order, one at a time.

Method. Add two numbers first. Then add the third number to the total.

1. Add 3 and 5. Put the first two together.
   3 + 5 = 8
2. Add 2 more. Count on from the total.
   8 + 2 = 10
3. Write the answer.
   10

Check. Check by adding in a different order: 2 + 3 + 5 = 10. ✓

Watch out. Keep the total small. Three numbers must still make 10 or less here.

Method. Start at 6. Count on until you reach 10. The number of steps is the missing number.

1. Start at 6. That is the first group.
   6
2. Count on to 10. Say each number as you count on.
   7, 8, 9, 10
3. Count the steps. The number of steps is the missing part.
   4 steps
4. Write the answer.
   4

Check. Count on 4 from 6: you reach 10. ✓

Watch out. Count the steps, not the numbers you start with.

Method. Fill the ten frame with each group, one row at a time.

1. Fill the top row with 5. The top row has five boxes.
   5
2. Put 4 more in the second row. Four counters go in the second row.
   4
3. Count all of them. Five and four make nine.
   5 + 4 = 9
4. Write the answer.
   Accept any answer: fill one row with 5, put 4 more in the other row, so 5 + 4 = 9.

Check. Count the counters: 9 in all. ✓

Watch out. The ten frame shows the whole sum at a glance.

Key words. Add means put together. The sum is the total.

Method. Put the two groups together. Then count all the things, one at a time.

1. Count the first group: 2. Touch each one once.
   2
2. Count the second group: 4. Put the groups together and count on.
   2 + 4
3. Count all of them. Count from 1 to the total, touching each thing once.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
4. Write the answer.
   6

Check. Count the whole group from the other end. You get 6 again. ✓

Watch out. Do not count the first group again from 1 when you count all.

Key words. The plus sign + means add. The equals sign = means is the same as.

Method. Write the two numbers, the plus sign, the equals sign and the total.

1. Write the first number. This is the first group.
   3
2. Add the plus sign and the second number. The plus sign means put together.
   3 + 4
3. Add the equals sign and the total. The equals sign means is the same as.
   3 + 4 = 7
4. Write the answer.
   3 + 4 = 7

Check. Read the sentence aloud in your head: 3 add 4 is the same as 7. ✓

Watch out. Write the equals sign at the end. Do not miss it out.

Key words. Add means put together. The sum is the total.

Method. Put the two groups together. Then count all the things, one at a time.

1. Count the first group: 2. Touch each one once.
   2
2. Count the second group: 5. Put the groups together and count on.
   2 + 5
3. Count all of them. Count from 1 to the total, touching each thing once.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
4. Write the answer.
   7

Check. Count the whole group from the other end. You get 7 again. ✓

Watch out. Do not count the first group again from 1 when you count all.

Key words. Count on means start at one number and keep counting up.

Method. Start at the bigger number. Then count on the smaller number.

1. Start at 5. It is the bigger number, so we start there.
   5
2. Count on 2 more. Say each number as you count on.
   5, 6, 7
3. Write the answer. The last number you say is the total.
   7

Check. Count back 2 from 7: you get to 5. ✓

Watch out. Start with the bigger number, not the smaller one. It takes fewer steps.

Method. A double is two equal groups. Add the same number twice.

1. Look at the two equal groups of 4. Both groups are the same.
   4 and 4
2. Count on from the first group. Count on the second group, one at a time.
   4 + 4
3. Write the answer.
   8

Check. Count 4 and 4 together: 8. ✓

Watch out. When both parts are the same, it is a double.

Method. A near double is a double plus one. Use 3 + 3 and then add one more.

1. Think of 3 + 3. That is a double, so you know it.
   3 + 3 = 6
2. Add one more. The second number is one more, so add one.
   6 + 1 = 7
3. Write the answer.
   7

Check. Count 3 and 4 together: 7. ✓

Watch out. Use the double you know, then add one more.

Method. Put the counters in the ten frame. Count the red and yellow counters together.

1. Count the red counters: 5. Start from the top left.
   5
2. Count the yellow counters: 3. They go after the red counters.
   5 + 3
3. Count them all. Count from 1 to the total.
   1 to 8
4. Write the answer.
   8

Check. Count the counters once more. There are 8. ✓

Watch out. Count the counters in order, one at a time.

Method. Add two numbers first. Then add the third number to the total.

1. Add 2 and 3. Put the first two together.
   2 + 3 = 5
2. Add 4 more. Count on from the total.
   5 + 4 = 9
3. Write the answer.
   9

Check. Check by adding in a different order: 4 + 2 + 3 = 9. ✓

Watch out. Keep the total small. Three numbers must still make 10 or less here.

Key words. Count on means start at one number and keep counting up.

Method. Start at the bigger number. Then count on the smaller number.

1. Start at 6. It is the bigger number, so we start there.
   6
2. Count on 3 more. Say each number as you count on.
   6, 7, 8, 9
3. Write the answer. The last number you say is the total.
   9

Check. Count back 3 from 9: you get to 6. ✓

Watch out. Start with the bigger number, not the smaller one. It takes fewer steps.

Method. Think about how many steps you count.

1. Count 2 + 7 from 2. That is seven steps.
   7 steps
2. Count 7 + 2 from 7. That is only two steps.
   2 steps
3. Write the answer.
   Accept any answer: starting at the bigger number needs fewer steps.

Check. Both give 9. The second way is quicker. ✓

Watch out. Start with the bigger number.

Key words. Add means put together. The sum is the total.

Method. Put the two groups together. Then count all the things, one at a time.

1. Count the first group: 2. Touch each one once.
   2
2. Count the second group: 3. Put the groups together and count on.
   2 + 3
3. Count all of them. Count from 1 to the total, touching each thing once.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5
4. Write the answer.
   5

Check. Count the whole group from the other end. You get 5 again. ✓

Watch out. Do not count the first group again from 1 when you count all.

Key words. The plus sign + means add. The equals sign = means is the same as.

Method. Write the two numbers, the plus sign, the equals sign and the total.

1. Write the first number. This is the first group.
   2
2. Add the plus sign and the second number. The plus sign means put together.
   2 + 6
3. Add the equals sign and the total. The equals sign means is the same as.
   2 + 6 = 8
4. Write the answer.
   2 + 6 = 8

Check. Read the sentence aloud in your head: 2 add 6 is the same as 8. ✓

Watch out. Write the equals sign at the end. Do not miss it out.

Method. Put the counters in the ten frame. Count the red and yellow counters together.

1. Count the red counters: 6. Start from the top left.
   6
2. Count the yellow counters: 3. They go after the red counters.
   6 + 3
3. Count them all. Count from 1 to the total.
   1 to 9
4. Write the answer.
   9

Check. Count the counters once more. There are 9. ✓

Watch out. Count the counters in order, one at a time.

Method. Start at 4. Count on until you reach 9. The number of steps is the missing number.

1. Start at 4. That is the first group.
   4
2. Count on to 9. Say each number as you count on.
   5, 6, 7, 8, 9
3. Count the steps. The number of steps is the missing part.
   5 steps
4. Write the answer.
   5

Check. Count on 5 from 4: you reach 9. ✓

Watch out. Count the steps, not the numbers you start with.

Key words. The plus sign + means add. The equals sign = means is the same as.

Method. Write the two numbers, the plus sign, the equals sign and the total.

1. Write the first number. This is the first group.
   3
2. Add the plus sign and the second number. The plus sign means put together.
   3 + 5
3. Add the equals sign and the total. The equals sign means is the same as.
   3 + 5 = 8
4. Write the answer.
   3 + 5 = 8

Check. Read the sentence aloud in your head: 3 add 5 is the same as 8. ✓

Watch out. Write the equals sign at the end. Do not miss it out.

Key words. Count on means start at one number and keep counting up.

Method. Start at the bigger number. Then count on the smaller number.

1. Start at 6. It is the bigger number, so we start there.
   6
2. Count on 2 more. Say each number as you count on.
   6, 7, 8
3. Write the answer. The last number you say is the total.
   8

Check. Count back 2 from 8: you get to 6. ✓

Watch out. Start with the bigger number, not the smaller one. It takes fewer steps.

Method. Count each sum to check.

1. Count 2 + 3. Count all the things.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5
2. Count 3 + 2. Count all the things in the other order.
   1, 2, 3, 4, 5
3. Compare the totals. Both totals are the same.
   5 = 5
4. Write the answer.
   Accept any answer: the same two groups are put together, so the total is 5 both ways.

Check. Both sums make 5. ✓

Watch out. The order of the groups does not change the total.

Method. Start from the double you know, then take one away.

1. Think of 5 + 5. That is a double, which is 10.
   5 + 5 = 10
2. Compare 5 + 4. The second number is one less, so the total is one less.
   10 − 1 = 9
3. Write the answer.
   5 + 4 is 9, because 5 + 5 is 10 and 5 + 4 is one less.

Check. Count 5 + 4 on from 5: 6, 7, 8, 9. ✓

Watch out. Check the total by counting on.

Method. Start at 7 and count on 2.

1. Start at 7. That is the number of counters in the frame.
   7
2. Count on 2. Say each number as you count on.
   8, 9
3. Write the answer.
   9 counters. I started at 7 and counted on 2.

Check. Count 7 + 2 the other way: 2 + 7 = 9. ✓

Watch out. Start at the bigger number.

Method. Choose two pairs that add to 7.

1. Choose the first pair. Pick two numbers that make 7.
   3 + 4
2. Choose a different pair. Pick two different numbers that also make 7.
   2 + 5
3. Check both sums. Count on to make sure.
   3 + 4 = 7 and 2 + 5 = 7
4. Write the answer.
   Accept any two correct sentences that make 7, such as 3 + 4 = 7 and 2 + 5 = 7.

Check. Count 3 + 4 and 2 + 5: both reach 7. ✓

Watch out. Each sentence must add up to 7.