Money
By the end of this chapter you will be able to
- Read and write amounts of money using £ and p
- Make an amount with coins and check the total
- Find more than one way to make the same amount
- Add amounts of money in the same unit
- Work out the change when I pay for something
- Solve a shopping problem with money
You should already know
- Coins and notes and their values (Year 1, Chapter 12)
- Adding and subtracting within 100 (Chapters 2 and 3)
- Counting in 2s, 5s and 10s (Chapter 3)
Where this leads
- Time (Chapter 7)
- Adding and subtracting amounts of money with £ and p in Year 3
National Curriculum for England, Key Stage 1 mathematics, Year 2. Content: Recognise and use the symbols £ and p, and know that 100p is £1, Combine amounts of money to make a particular value, Find different combinations of coins that equal the same amount, Solve simple practical problems with addition and subtraction of money in the same unit, including giving change.
Exercise P Do you remember?
Non-calculatorMethod. Adding 10 changes the tens. Count on ten from 40.
- Start at 40. Put your finger on 40.40
- Add 10. Ten more makes the next ten.40 + 10 = 50
- Write the answer. 50
Check. Take 10 away from 50: 40. ✓
Watch out. Only the tens number changes when you add 10.
Method. Count in jumps of 2.
- Start at 2. Each jump is 2.2, 4, 6
- Count on one more jump. The next jump after 6 is 8.6 + 2 = 8
- Write the answer. 8
Check. Count back in 2s from 8: 6, 4, 2. ✓
Watch out. Every jump is the same size: 2.
Method. Start at the bigger number and count on.
- Look at the groups. One group has 6 balls and the other has 7.6 + 7
- Count on from 7. Start at 7 and count on 6 more.8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13
- Write the answer. 13
Check. Take 6 away from 13: 7 is left. ✓
Watch out. Start at the bigger number and count on.
Method. Look at the tens first. The number with more tens is bigger.
- Look at the tens. 31 has 3 tens. 13 has 1 ten.3 tens and 1 ten
- Compare the tens. Three tens are more than one ten.3 > 1
- Write the answer. 31
Check. 31 is bigger than 13, because 31 = 30 + 1 and 13 = 10 + 3. ✓
Watch out. Look at the tens digit first. Then look at the ones if the tens are the same.
Method. Count the groups of 5.
- Look at the stars. The stars are in rows of 5.5, 10, 15
- Count the rows. There are three rows of 5 stars.3 rows
- Write the answer. 3
Check. Three 5s make 15: 5 + 5 + 5 = 15. ✓
Watch out. Each row is one group of 5.
Pounds and pence
We pay for things with money. Money uses two signs.
The sign p means pence. A 20p coin is worth 20 pence.
The sign £ means pounds. A £2 coin is worth 2 pounds.
£1 is the same as 100p.
Key ideas
- p means pence. We use p for amounts under £1.
- £ means pounds. We use £ for whole pounds.
- £1 is the same as 100p.
- Read the number and the sign together.
Key words. p stands for pence. £ stands for pounds.
Method. Read the number and the sign on the coin.
- Look at the coin. The writing on the coin shows its value.Coin: 20p
- Read the sign. p means pence.£ = pounds, p = pence
- Write the value. 20p
Check. Say the value out loud: 20p. ✓
Watch out. Read the number and the sign together. 20p is not the same as £20.
Method. Change both values to pence. The bigger value is worth more.
- Read the first coin. Write down its value.First: 50p
- Read the second coin. Write down its value.Second: 20p
- Change both to pence. £1 is the same as 100p.50p and 20p
- Compare the values. 50p is more than 20p.50p > 20p
- Write the answer. 50p is worth more.
Check. The other way round: 20p is worth less than 50p. ✓
Watch out. Do not choose a coin because it looks bigger. Read the value on it.
Method. Use the rule: £1 is worth 100 pence.
- Look at the coin. It is a £1 coin.£1
- Use the rule. There are 100p in £1.£1 = 100p
- Write the answer. 100p
Check. 100p is one pound. ✓
Watch out. £1 and 100p are the same amount of money.
Watch out
Watch out: 5p is not the same as £5.
The sign p means pence. The sign £ means pounds.
Exam tip
Grown-up tip. Ask: “Is this amount in pence or in pounds?” Use real coins from home and read the value on each one out loud.
Exercise 6A Pounds and pence
Non-calculatorKey words. p stands for pence. £ stands for pounds.
Method. Read the number and the sign on the coin.
- Look at the coin. The writing on the coin shows its value.Coin: 10p
- Read the sign. p means pence.£ = pounds, p = pence
- Write the value. 10p
Check. Say the value out loud: 10p. ✓
Watch out. Read the number and the sign together. 20p is not the same as £20.
Key words. p stands for pence. £ stands for pounds.
Method. Read the number and the sign on the coin.
- Look at the coin. The writing on the coin shows its value.Coin: 2p
- Read the sign. p means pence.£ = pounds, p = pence
- Write the value. 2p
Check. Say the value out loud: 2p. ✓
Watch out. Read the number and the sign together. 20p is not the same as £20.
Key words. p stands for pence. £ stands for pounds.
Method. Read the number and the sign on the coin.
- Look at the coin. The writing on the coin shows its value.Coin: 5p
- Read the sign. p means pence.£ = pounds, p = pence
- Write the value. 5p
Check. Say the value out loud: 5p. ✓
Watch out. Read the number and the sign together. 20p is not the same as £20.
Key words. p stands for pence. £ stands for pounds.
Method. Read the number and the sign on the coin.
- Look at the coin. The writing on the coin shows its value.Coin: 20p
- Read the sign. p means pence.£ = pounds, p = pence
- Write the value. 20p
Check. Say the value out loud: 20p. ✓
Watch out. Read the number and the sign together. 20p is not the same as £20.
Key words. p stands for pence. £ stands for pounds.
Method. Read the number and the sign on the coin.
- Look at the coin. The writing on the coin shows its value.Coin: 50p
- Read the sign. p means pence.£ = pounds, p = pence
- Write the value. 50p
Check. Say the value out loud: 50p. ✓
Watch out. Read the number and the sign together. 20p is not the same as £20.
Key words. p stands for pence. £ stands for pounds.
Method. Read the number and the sign on the coin.
- Look at the coin. The writing on the coin shows its value.Coin: £2
- Read the sign. £ means pounds.£ = pounds, p = pence
- Write the value. £2
Check. Say the value out loud: £2. ✓
Watch out. Read the number and the sign together. 20p is not the same as £20.
Method. Find the coin that is worth 50p. Read the value on each one.
- Read each coin. Check its value.2p, 20p and 50p
- Find 50p. Only one coin has this value.50p is here
- Write the answer. 50p
Check. The other coins are not 50p, so this one is right. ✓
Watch out. Read the value. Do not choose a coin because it looks like a good size.
Method. Find the coin that is worth £1. Read the value on each one.
- Read each coin. Check its value.10p, 50p and £1
- Find £1. Only one coin has this value.£1 is here
- Write the answer. £1
Check. The other coins are not £1, so this one is right. ✓
Watch out. Read the value. Do not choose a coin because it looks like a good size.
Method. Change both values to pence. The bigger value is worth more.
- Read the first coin. Write down its value.First: 20p
- Read the second coin. Write down its value.Second: 5p
- Change both to pence. £1 is the same as 100p.20p and 5p
- Compare the values. 20p is more than 5p.20p > 5p
- Write the answer. 20p is worth more.
Check. The other way round: 5p is worth less than 20p. ✓
Watch out. Do not choose a coin because it looks bigger. Read the value on it.
Method. Write both amounts in pence. Then compare the numbers.
- Change both amounts to pence. £1 is the same as 100p.45p and 100p
- Compare the numbers. 45p is less than 100p.45 < 100
- Write the sign. The sign shows which amount is bigger, or that they are equal.<
Check. Say it in words: 45p is less than 100p. ✓
Watch out. Change pounds to pence before you compare. £1 = 100p.
Method. Change the amounts to pence to compare them. Then put the smallest value first.
- Read each amount. Write down each value.50p, 5p, £1 and 20p
- Put them in order. Start with the smallest value.5p, 20p, 50p, £1
- Write the answer. 5p, 20p, 50p, £1
Check. There are 4 amounts in the question and 4 in the answer. ✓
Watch out. £1 is more than 50p, even though 1 is a small number.
Method. Use the rule: £1 is 100p. So £2 is two lots of 100p.
- Look at the coin. It is a £2 coin.£2
- Use the rule. £1 is 100p, so £2 is 2 lots of 100p.2 × 100p = 200p
- Write the answer. 200p
Check. Half of 200p is 100p, which is £1. ✓
Watch out. Write the answer in pence, because the question asks for pence.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 100p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.100p
- Add 50p. Add the next amount to the total so far.100p + 50p = 150p
- Change pence to pounds. 100p is the same as £1.150p = £1.50
- Write the answer. £1.50
Check. Add them in a different order: 50p + 100p = 150p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Change both values to pence. Then compare them.
- Change £1 to pence. £1 is the same as 100p.£1 = 100p
- Compare the values. 100p is more than 10p.100p > 10p
- Decide. So £1 is worth more. Ali is not right.No
Check. The bigger number is not always the bigger value, so check the unit. ✓
Watch out. Compare the values in the same unit, pence with pence.
Making an amount with coins
We can combine coins to make an amount.
Add the value of each coin. The total is the amount.
Start with the biggest coin. Then count on.
Key ideas
- Add the values of the coins, not the number of coins.
- Start with the biggest coin.
- Say the value as you count on.
- Two coins of the same value can be used, like two 10p coins.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 20p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.20p
- Add 10p. Add the next amount to the total so far.20p + 10p = 30p
- Add 5p. Add the next amount to the total so far.30p + 5p = 35p
- Write the answer. 35p
Check. Add them in a different order: 5p + 10p + 20p = 35p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Find two coins that add up to the amount. Try the bigger coins first.
- Try two coins. Pick two coins and add their values.20p + 10p
- Add them up. The total must be the amount we want.20p + 10p = 30p
- Write the answer. No other two coins make this amount.20p and 10p
Check. Add them the other way round: 10p + 20p = 30p. ✓
Watch out. The two coins can be the same, like two 50p coins.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 100p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.100p
- Add 100p. Add the next amount to the total so far.100p + 100p = 200p
- Add 50p. Add the next amount to the total so far.200p + 50p = 250p
- Change pence to pounds. 100p is the same as £1.250p = £2.50
- Write the answer. £2.50
Check. Add them in a different order: 50p + 100p + 100p = 250p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Watch out
Watch out: do not count the coins. Add their values: 10p + 5p = 15p, not 2.
Exam tip
Grown-up tip. Lay out real coins on the table. Ask: “Which coin is the biggest? What do we get when we add the next coin?”
Exercise 6B Making an amount with coins
Non-calculatorMethod. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 10p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.10p
- Add 5p. Add the next amount to the total so far.10p + 5p = 15p
- Write the answer. 15p
Check. Add them in a different order: 5p + 10p = 15p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 20p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.20p
- Add 2p. Add the next amount to the total so far.20p + 2p = 22p
- Add 1p. Add the next amount to the total so far.22p + 1p = 23p
- Write the answer. 23p
Check. Add them in a different order: 1p + 2p + 20p = 23p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 50p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.50p
- Add 20p. Add the next amount to the total so far.50p + 20p = 70p
- Add 20p. Add the next amount to the total so far.70p + 20p = 90p
- Write the answer. 90p
Check. Add them in a different order: 20p + 20p + 50p = 90p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Find two coins that add up to the amount. Try the bigger coins first.
- Try two coins. Pick two coins and add their values.20p + 5p
- Add them up. The total must be the amount we want.20p + 5p = 25p
- Write the answer. No other two coins make this amount.20p and 5p
Check. Add them the other way round: 5p + 20p = 25p. ✓
Watch out. The two coins can be the same, like two 50p coins.
Method. Start with the coin we know. Count on to the total to find the other coin.
- Start with 2p. This is the coin we know.2p
- Count on to 7p. The amount we count on is the other coin.2p + ? = 7p
- Write the other coin. 5p
Check. Add the two coins: 2p + 5p = 7p. ✓
Watch out. Check that the two coins make the total, not just one of them.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 200p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.200p
- Add 50p. Add the next amount to the total so far.200p + 50p = 250p
- Change pence to pounds. 100p is the same as £1.250p = £2.50
- Write the answer. £2.50
Check. Add them in a different order: 50p + 200p = 250p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Add up each set. The set that makes 40p is the right one.
- Add up set A. Add the value of each coin.20p + 10p + 10p = 40p
- Add up set B. Add the value of each coin.20p + 20p + 5p = 45p
- Add up set C. Add the value of each coin.50p + 5p = 55p
- Write the answer. Only one set makes 40p.A
Check. The other sets do not make 40p, so only set A is right. ✓
Watch out. Add every coin in the set. Do not stop after the first two coins.
Method. Use the biggest coin you can first. Then make the rest with as few coins as you can.
- Start with the biggest coin that fits. A bigger coin means fewer coins.20p
- Add the coins, one at a time. Keep adding the biggest coin that fits.20p + 20p = 40p
- Count the coins. That is 2 coins altogether.2 coins
- Write the answer. No other way uses fewer coins.2
Check. Add the coins again: 20p + 20p = 40p. ✓
Watch out. Use the biggest coins first. This gives the fewest coins.
Method. Add one coin at a time until you reach 25p.
- Add one coin at a time. Each coin is worth 5p.5p, 10p, 15p, 20p, 25p
- Count how many coins you added. The number of coins is the number of steps.5 coins
- Write the answer. 5
Check. Check: 5 × 5p = 25p. ✓
Watch out. Add the same coin each time. Do not add 1 each time.
Method. List what three 10p coins can make, then check 25p is in the list.
- Add the coins. Each coin is 10p, so the totals go up in tens.10p, 20p or 30p
- Is 25p in the list? No total with 10p coins ends in 5.25p is not in the list
- Decide. Mo cannot make 25p with three 10p coins.No
Check. Check the totals: 10 + 10 = 20 and 10 + 10 + 10 = 30. ✓
Watch out. Coins of one value can only make amounts that are multiples of that value.
Method. Find how much more we need. Take what we have away from the amount we want.
- Find the amount we want. This is the total we need.50p
- Find the amount we have. These are the coins we already have.30p
- Take away what we have. The difference is how much more we need.50p − 30p = 20p
- Write the answer. 20p
Check. Add it back: 30p + 20p = 50p. ✓
Watch out. Take away the amount we have, not the amount we want.
Different ways to make the same amount
There can be more than one way to make the same amount.
Here are two ways to make 10p. Each way adds up to 10p.
Both ways are right.
Key ideas
- Different coins can make the same amount.
- Check every set adds up to the amount.
- Start with the biggest coins. Then use smaller ones.
- The same coins in a different order are the same way.
Method. There is more than one way. Each set of coins must add up to 10p.
- Try way 1. Add the coins in this way to check it.10p = 10p
- Try way 2. Add the coins in this way to check it.5p + 5p = 10p
- Try way 3. Add the coins in this way to check it.5p + 2p + 2p + 1p = 10p
- Write the answer. Any set that adds up to the amount is correct.10p or 5p + 5p or 5p + 2p + 2p + 1p
Check. Add the coins in each set again. Each one makes 10p. ✓
Watch out. Check the total of every set. A set that adds up to a different amount is wrong.
Method. There is more than one way. Each set of coins must add up to 6p.
- Try way 1. Add the coins in this way to check it.2p + 2p + 2p = 6p
- Try way 2. Add the coins in this way to check it.2p + 2p + 1p + 1p = 6p
- Write the answer. Any set that adds up to the amount is correct.2p + 2p + 2p or 2p + 2p + 1p + 1p
Check. Add the coins in each set again. Each one makes 6p. ✓
Watch out. Check the total of every set. A set that adds up to a different amount is wrong.
Method. Add up each set. The set that makes 20p is the right one.
- Add up set A. Add the value of each coin.10p + 5p = 15p
- Add up set B. Add the value of each coin.20p = 20p
- Add up set C. Add the value of each coin.5p + 5p + 2p = 12p
- Write the answer. Only one set makes 20p.B
Check. The other sets do not make 20p, so only set B is right. ✓
Watch out. Add every coin in the set. Do not stop after the first two coins.
Watch out
Watch out: a set of coins must add up to exactly the amount. Check the total of every set.
Exam tip
Grown-up tip. Use real coins. Ask: “Can you find another way to make 10p?” Count each way out loud.
Exercise 6C Different ways to make the same amount
Non-calculatorMethod. Add one coin at a time until you reach 10p.
- Add one coin at a time. Each coin is worth 5p.5p, 10p
- Count how many coins you added. The number of coins is the number of steps.2 coins
- Write the answer. 2
Check. Check: 2 × 5p = 10p. ✓
Watch out. Add the same coin each time. Do not add 1 each time.
Method. Add one coin at a time until you reach 10p.
- Add one coin at a time. Each coin is worth 2p.2p, 4p, 6p, 8p, 10p
- Count how many coins you added. The number of coins is the number of steps.5 coins
- Write the answer. 5
Check. Check: 5 × 2p = 10p. ✓
Watch out. Add the same coin each time. Do not add 1 each time.
Method. Add up each set. The set that makes 10p is the right one.
- Add up set A. Add the value of each coin.2p + 2p + 2p = 6p
- Add up set B. Add the value of each coin.5p + 5p = 10p
- Add up set C. Add the value of each coin.1p + 5p + 2p = 8p
- Write the answer. Only one set makes 10p.B
Check. The other sets do not make 10p, so only set B is right. ✓
Watch out. Add every coin in the set. Do not stop after the first two coins.
Method. Work out the amount, then decide if the claim is right.
- Work it out. Add the amounts in pence.2p + 2p + 1p + 1p = 6p
- Compare with what is said. Sam says two 2p coins and two 1p coins make 6p.It matches
- Decide. The four coins make 6p, so Sam is right.Yes
Check. Check the sum again: 2p + 2p + 1p + 1p = 6p. ✓
Watch out. Add all the amounts, not just some of them.
Method. Make a list of all the sets. Each set must add up to 4p.
- Use only the coins we are allowed. We can use only 1p and 2p coins.1p and 2p
- Find every way to make the amount. Each set of coins must add up to the amount.2p + 2p ; 2p + 1p + 1p ; 1p + 1p + 1p + 1p
- Count the different ways. Each different set of coins is one way.3 ways
- Write the answer. 3
Check. Check each set adds up to 4p. ✓
Watch out. Use the biggest coin first. Then use smaller coins to make the rest.
Method. Make a list of all the sets. Each set must add up to 5p.
- Use only the coins we are allowed. We can use only 1p and 2p coins.1p and 2p
- Find every way to make the amount. Each set of coins must add up to the amount.2p + 2p + 1p ; 2p + 1p + 1p + 1p ; 1p + 1p + 1p + 1p + 1p
- Count the different ways. Each different set of coins is one way.3 ways
- Write the answer. 3
Check. Check each set adds up to 5p. ✓
Watch out. Use the biggest coin first. Then use smaller coins to make the rest.
Method. Make a list of all the sets. Each set must add up to 20p.
- Use only the coins we are allowed. We can use only 5p and 10p coins.5p and 10p
- Find every way to make the amount. Each set of coins must add up to the amount.10p + 10p ; 10p + 5p + 5p ; 5p + 5p + 5p + 5p
- Count the different ways. Each different set of coins is one way.3 ways
- Write the answer. 3
Check. Check each set adds up to 20p. ✓
Watch out. Use the biggest coin first. Then use smaller coins to make the rest.
Method. Make a list of all the sets. Each set must add up to 3p.
- Use only the coins we are allowed. We can use only 1p and 2p coins.1p and 2p
- Find every way to make the amount. Each set of coins must add up to the amount.2p + 1p ; 1p + 1p + 1p
- Count the different ways. Each different set of coins is one way.2 ways
- Write the answer. 2
Check. Check each set adds up to 3p. ✓
Watch out. Use the biggest coin first. Then use smaller coins to make the rest.
Method. Add up each set. The set that makes 50p is the right one.
- Add up set A. Add the value of each coin.20p + 20p + 5p = 45p
- Add up set B. Add the value of each coin.20p + 20p + 10p = 50p
- Add up set C. Add the value of each coin.10p + 10p + 5p = 25p
- Write the answer. Only one set makes 50p.B
Check. The other sets do not make 50p, so only set B is right. ✓
Watch out. Add every coin in the set. Do not stop after the first two coins.
Method. List every set of coins that makes 10p. Then count the sets.
- List the sets. Each set must add up to 10p.10 sets in all
- Compare with what Mei said. Mei said there are 4 ways.10 and 4
- Decide. The number must match what Mei said.No
Check. Count the sets again: there are 10 of them. ✓
Watch out. Count each different set of coins once. Do not count the same set twice.
Method. List what 5p coins can make. Then check if 12p is in the list.
- List the totals. Each coin is 5p, so the totals go up in fives.5p, 10p, 15p, 20p
- Is 12p in the list? Twelve is not a multiple of five.12p is not in the list
- Decide. Lin cannot make 12p with only 5p coins.No
Check. Only multiples of 5p can be made. ✓
Watch out. Coins of one value can only make amounts that are multiples of that value.
Adding money in the same unit
We can add money in the same unit.
Add the pence to pence. Add the pounds to pounds.
When the total is 100p or more, change it to pounds.
120p is the same as £1.20.
Key ideas
- Add pence to pence, and pounds to pounds.
- 100p is the same as £1.
- 120p is written as £1.20.
- Check your answer: is it about right?
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 25p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.25p
- Add 12p. Add the next amount to the total so far.25p + 12p = 37p
- Write the answer. 37p
Check. Add them in a different order: 12p + 25p = 37p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 45p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.45p
- Add 30p. Add the next amount to the total so far.45p + 30p = 75p
- Write the answer. 75p
Check. Add them in a different order: 30p + 45p = 75p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 60p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.60p
- Add 60p. Add the next amount to the total so far.60p + 60p = 120p
- Change pence to pounds. 100p is the same as £1.120p = £1.20
- Write the answer. £1.20
Check. Add them in a different order: 60p + 60p = 120p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Watch out
Watch out: 60p + 60p is not 1206. Add the pence: 60 + 60 = 120, so 120p. Then write £1.20.
Exam tip
Grown-up tip. Use real coins. Ask: “Can you make 100p with these coins? How much more is that than 50p?”
Exercise 6D Adding money in the same unit
Non-calculatorMethod. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 20p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.20p
- Add 5p. Add the next amount to the total so far.20p + 5p = 25p
- Write the answer. 25p
Check. Add them in a different order: 5p + 20p = 25p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 30p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.30p
- Add 12p. Add the next amount to the total so far.30p + 12p = 42p
- Write the answer. 42p
Check. Add them in a different order: 30p + 12p = 42p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 40p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.40p
- Add 40p. Add the next amount to the total so far.40p + 40p = 80p
- Write the answer. 80p
Check. Add them in a different order: 40p + 40p = 80p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 60p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.60p
- Add 60p. Add the next amount to the total so far.60p + 60p = 120p
- Change pence to pounds. 100p is the same as £1.120p = £1.20
- Write the answer. £1.20
Check. Add them in a different order: 60p + 60p = 120p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with £3. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.£3
- Add £2. Add the next amount to the total so far.£3 + £2 = £5
- Write the answer. £5
Check. Add them in a different order: £3 + £2 = £5. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 100p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.100p
- Add 100p. Add the next amount to the total so far.100p + 100p = 200p
- Add 50p. Add the next amount to the total so far.200p + 50p = 250p
- Change pence to pounds. 100p is the same as £1.250p = £2.50
- Write the answer. £2.50
Check. Add them in a different order: 50p + 100p + 100p = 250p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 35p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.35p
- Add 14p. Add the next amount to the total so far.35p + 14p = 49p
- Write the answer. 49p
Check. Add them in a different order: 14p + 35p = 49p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 55p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.55p
- Add 45p. Add the next amount to the total so far.55p + 45p = 100p
- Write the answer. 100p
Check. Add them in a different order: 55p + 45p = 100p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 75p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.75p
- Add 50p. Add the next amount to the total so far.75p + 50p = 125p
- Change pence to pounds. 100p is the same as £1.125p = £1.25
- Write the answer. £1.25
Check. Add them in a different order: 75p + 50p = 125p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Work out the amount, then decide if the claim is right.
- Work it out. Add the amounts in pence.20p + 20p + 20p = 60p
- Compare with what is said. Ben says three 20p coins make £1.It does not match
- Decide. Three 20p coins make 60p, not £1, so Ben is not right.No
Check. Check the sum again: 20p + 20p + 20p = 60p. ✓
Watch out. Add all the amounts, not just some of them.
Method. Add each person’s coins. The bigger total has more money.
- Add Ruby’s coins. Find the total of the coins.50p + 20p = 70p
- Add Ben’s coins. Find the total of the coins.50p + 20p + 5p = 75p
- Compare the totals. The bigger total has more money.75p is more than 70p
- Write the answer. Ben has more money.
Check. Compare the numbers: 75 is bigger than 70. ✓
Watch out. Add all the coins each person has before you compare.
Giving change
When you pay for something, you may get change.
Change is the money you get back.
Count on from the price to the money you paid. The coins you count on are the change.
Key ideas
- Change is the money you get back.
- Count on from the price to the money paid.
- £1 is the same as 100p.
- Check: price + change = money paid.
Key words. The price is what something costs. The change is the money given back.
Method. Change is the money we get back. Count on from the price to the money paid.
- Start at the price. We count on from the price to the money paid.65p
- Count on to the money paid. Add coins until we reach the money paid.65p + 20p + 10p + 5p = £1
- Find the change. The coins we counted on are the change.20p + 10p + 5p = 35p
- Write the answer. 35p change
Check. Add the change to the price: 65p + 35p = £1. ✓
Watch out. Change is the money paid minus the price. Do not add them.
Key words. The price is what something costs. The change is the money given back.
Method. Change is the money we get back. Count on from the price to the money paid.
- Start at the price. We count on from the price to the money paid.30p
- Count on to the money paid. Add coins until we reach the money paid.30p + 20p = 50p
- Find the change. The coins we counted on are the change.20p = 20p
- Write the answer. 20p change
Check. Add the change to the price: 30p + 20p = 50p. ✓
Watch out. Change is the money paid minus the price. Do not add them.
Key words. The price is what something costs. The change is the money given back.
Method. Change is the money we get back. Count on from the price to the money paid.
- Start at the price. We count on from the price to the money paid.£2
- Count on to the money paid. Add coins until we reach the money paid.£2 + £2 + £1 = £5
- Find the change. The coins we counted on are the change.£2 + £1 = £3
- Write the answer. £3 change
Check. Add the change to the price: £2 + £3 = £5. ✓
Watch out. Change is the money paid minus the price. Do not add them.
Watch out
Watch out: change is the money paid minus the price. Do not add them.
Exam tip
Grown-up tip. Play at a pretend shop with real coins. Ask: “How much did you pay? How much does it cost? How much change should you get?”
Exercise 6E Giving change
Non-calculatorKey words. The price is what something costs. The change is the money given back.
Method. Change is the money we get back. Count on from the price to the money paid.
- Start at the price. We count on from the price to the money paid.25p
- Count on to the money paid. Add coins until we reach the money paid.25p + 20p + 5p = 50p
- Find the change. The coins we counted on are the change.20p + 5p = 25p
- Write the answer. 25p change
Check. Add the change to the price: 25p + 25p = 50p. ✓
Watch out. Change is the money paid minus the price. Do not add them.
Key words. The price is what something costs. The change is the money given back.
Method. Change is the money we get back. Count on from the price to the money paid.
- Start at the price. We count on from the price to the money paid.45p
- Count on to the money paid. Add coins until we reach the money paid.45p + 50p + 5p = £1
- Find the change. The coins we counted on are the change.50p + 5p = 55p
- Write the answer. 55p change
Check. Add the change to the price: 45p + 55p = £1. ✓
Watch out. Change is the money paid minus the price. Do not add them.
Key words. The price is what something costs. The change is the money given back.
Method. Change is the money we get back. Count on from the price to the money paid.
- Start at the price. We count on from the price to the money paid.£3
- Count on to the money paid. Add coins until we reach the money paid.£3 + £2 = £5
- Find the change. The coins we counted on are the change.£2 = £2
- Write the answer. £2 change
Check. Add the change to the price: £3 + £2 = £5. ✓
Watch out. Change is the money paid minus the price. Do not add them.
Key words. The price is what something costs. The change is the money given back.
Method. Change is the money we get back. Count on from the price to the money paid.
- Start at the price. We count on from the price to the money paid.20p
- Count on to the money paid. Add coins until we reach the money paid.20p + 20p + 10p = 50p
- Find the change. The coins we counted on are the change.20p + 10p = 30p
- Write the answer. 30p change
Check. Add the change to the price: 20p + 30p = 50p. ✓
Watch out. Change is the money paid minus the price. Do not add them.
Key words. The price is what something costs. The change is the money given back.
Method. Change is the money we get back. Count on from the price to the money paid.
- Start at the price. We count on from the price to the money paid.19p
- Count on to the money paid. Add coins until we reach the money paid.19p + 1p = 20p
- Find the change. The coins we counted on are the change.1p = 1p
- Write the answer. 1p change
Check. Add the change to the price: 19p + 1p = 20p. ✓
Watch out. Change is the money paid minus the price. Do not add them.
Key words. The price is what something costs. The change is the money given back.
Method. Change is the money we get back. Count on from the price to the money paid.
- Start at the price. We count on from the price to the money paid.80p
- Count on to the money paid. Add coins until we reach the money paid.80p + 20p = £1
- Find the change. The coins we counted on are the change.20p = 20p
- Write the answer. 20p change
Check. Add the change to the price: 80p + 20p = £1. ✓
Watch out. Change is the money paid minus the price. Do not add them.
Method. Work out the change. Then compare it with what is said.
- Work out the change. The change is the money paid minus the price.50p − 40p = 10p
- Compare with what is said. Is the change the same as the amount said?10p and 20p
- Decide. The change must match the sum.No
Check. Add the price and the change: 40p + 10p = 50p. ✓
Watch out. Check the change by adding the price and the change together.
Key words. The price is what something costs. The change is the money given back.
Method. Change is the money we get back. Count on from the price to the money paid.
- Start at the price. We count on from the price to the money paid.35p
- Count on to the money paid. Add coins until we reach the money paid.35p + 10p + 5p = 50p
- Find the change. The coins we counted on are the change.10p + 5p = 15p
- Write the answer. 15p change
Check. Add the change to the price: 35p + 15p = 50p. ✓
Watch out. Change is the money paid minus the price. Do not add them.
Method. Add the prices first. Then find the change from the total.
- Add the prices. Find the total cost first.45p + 30p = 75p
- Count on from the total to the money paid. The coins we add are the change.75p + 20p + 5p = £1
- Write the answer. 25p change
Check. Add the change to the total: 75p + 25p = £1. ✓
Watch out. Add the prices first, then give the change from the total.
Key words. The price is what something costs. The change is the money given back.
Method. Change is the money we get back. Count on from the price to the money paid.
- Start at the price. We count on from the price to the money paid.£4
- Count on to the money paid. Add coins until we reach the money paid.£4 + £1 = £5
- Find the change. The coins we counted on are the change.£1 = £1
- Write the answer. £1 change
Check. Add the change to the price: £4 + £1 = £5. ✓
Watch out. Change is the money paid minus the price. Do not add them.
Method. Add the prices. Then compare the total with the money we have.
- Add the prices. Find the total cost.60p + 35p = 95p
- Compare with the money we have. We can buy it all if we have enough money.£1 and 95p
- Decide. Enough money means the total is not more than we have.Yes
Check. Take the total from the money we have: £1 − 95p = 5p. ✓
Watch out. If the total is more than the money we have, we cannot buy it all.
Shopping problems
We can solve shopping problems.
First, read the prices carefully.
Then add the prices, or take the price away from the money we have.
Check that your answer makes sense.
Key ideas
- Read the prices carefully.
- Add the prices to find the total.
- Take the price away from the money we have to find what is left.
- Check: total + money left = money we had.
Method. Take the money spent away from the money we had at first.
- Start with 50p. This is the money we have at first.50p
- Take away 35p. Take away the amount spent.50p − 35p = 15p
- Write the answer. 15p left
Check. Add back what was spent: 15p + 35p = 50p. ✓
Watch out. Take away the amount spent, not the amount left.
Method. Add the prices first. Then take the total away from the money we have.
- Add the prices. Find the total cost.40p + 45p = 85p
- Take the total from the money we have. The money left is what we have after shopping.100p − 85p = 15p
- Write the answer. 15p left
Check. Add the money left to the total: 85p + 15p = £1. ✓
Watch out. Add all the prices first. Then take the total away once.
Method. Take the money spent away from the money we had at first.
- Start with £5. This is the money we have at first.£5
- Take away £3. Take away the amount spent.£5 − £3 = £2
- Write the answer. £2 left
Check. Add back what was spent: £2 + £3 = £5. ✓
Watch out. Take away the amount spent, not the amount left.
Watch out
Watch out: read the price of each thing. Take away the money spent, not the money left.
Exam tip
Grown-up tip. Make a pretend shop with price labels. Ask: “How much do we spend? How much is left? Can we buy both?”
Exercise 6F Shopping problems
Non-calculatorMethod. Take the money spent away from the money we had at first.
- Start with 80p. This is the money we have at first.80p
- Take away 30p. Take away the amount spent.80p − 30p = 50p
- Write the answer. 50p left
Check. Add back what was spent: 50p + 30p = 80p. ✓
Watch out. Take away the amount spent, not the amount left.
Method. Take the money spent away from the money we had at first.
- Start with £2. This is the money we have at first.£2
- Take away £1. Take away the amount spent.£2 − £1 = £1
- Write the answer. £1 left
Check. Add back what was spent: £1 + £1 = £2. ✓
Watch out. Take away the amount spent, not the amount left.
Method. Take the money spent away from the money we had at first.
- Start with 60p. This is the money we have at first.60p
- Take away 25p. Take away the amount spent.60p − 25p = 35p
- Write the answer. 35p left
Check. Add back what was spent: 35p + 25p = 60p. ✓
Watch out. Take away the amount spent, not the amount left.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 40p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.40p
- Add 35p. Add the next amount to the total so far.40p + 35p = 75p
- Write the answer. 75p
Check. Add them in a different order: 40p + 35p = 75p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Key words. The price is what something costs. The change is the money given back.
Method. Change is the money we get back. Count on from the price to the money paid.
- Start at the price. We count on from the price to the money paid.45p
- Count on to the money paid. Add coins until we reach the money paid.45p + 50p + 5p = £1
- Find the change. The coins we counted on are the change.50p + 5p = 55p
- Write the answer. 55p change
Check. Add the change to the price: 45p + 55p = £1. ✓
Watch out. Change is the money paid minus the price. Do not add them.
Method. Add the prices. Then compare the total with the money we have.
- Add the prices. Find the total cost.30p + 20p = 50p
- Compare with the money we have. We can buy it all if we have enough money.50p and 50p
- Decide. Enough money means the total is not more than we have.Yes
Check. Take the total from the money we have: 50p − 50p = 0p. ✓
Watch out. If the total is more than the money we have, we cannot buy it all.
Method. Add the prices. Then compare the total with the money we have.
- Add the prices. Find the total cost.70p + 30p = £1
- Compare with the money we have. We can buy it all if we have enough money.90p and £1
- Decide. Enough money means the total is not more than we have.No
Check. Take the total from the money we have: 90p − £1 = not enough. ✓
Watch out. If the total is more than the money we have, we cannot buy it all.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with £3. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.£3
- Add £2. Add the next amount to the total so far.£3 + £2 = £5
- Write the answer. £5
Check. Add them in a different order: £2 + £3 = £5. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Take the money spent away from the money we had at first.
- Start with £5. This is the money we have at first.£5
- Take away £3. Take away the amount spent.£5 − £3 = £2
- Write the answer. £2 left
Check. Add back what was spent: £2 + £3 = £5. ✓
Watch out. Take away the amount spent, not the amount left.
Method. Add the prices. Then compare the total with the money we have.
- Add the prices. Find the total cost.45p = 45p
- Compare with the money we have. We can buy it all if we have enough money.40p and 45p
- Decide. Enough money means the total is not more than we have.No
Check. Take the total from the money we have: 40p − 45p = not enough. ✓
Watch out. If the total is more than the money we have, we cannot buy it all.
Method. Add the prices first. Then take the total away from the money we have.
- Add the prices. Find the total cost.35p + 35p = 70p
- Take the total from the money we have. The money left is what we have after shopping.100p − 70p = 30p
- Write the answer. 30p left
Check. Add the money left to the total: 70p + 30p = £1. ✓
Watch out. Add all the prices first. Then take the total away once.
Chapter summary
| Skill | Method |
|---|---|
| Name the coins | p means pence. £ means pounds. £1 is 100p. |
| Make an amount | Start with the biggest coin. Count on. Check the total. |
| Different ways | Each set of coins must add up to the same amount. Check every set. |
| Add money | Add pence to pence and pounds to pounds. Write 120p as £1.20. |
| Give change | Change = money paid minus the price. Count on from the price to the money paid. |
| Shopping problems | Add the prices. Take the total away from the money you have. |
Can you…?
- I can say what p and £ mean.
- I know that £1 is 100p.
- I can make an amount with coins.
- I can find more than one way to make an amount.
- I can add money in the same unit.
- I can work out the change.
- I can solve a shopping problem.
Key terms
- pence (p)
- the small unit of money. There are 100p in £1.
- pounds (£)
- the big unit of money. We write it with the £ sign.
- price
- how much something costs.
- change
- the money you get back when you pay more than the price.
- total
- the answer you get when you add amounts together.
- set of coins
- a group of coins. Two sets are different if the coins are different.
Exercise 6Z Check-up
Non-calculatorKey words. p stands for pence. £ stands for pounds.
Method. Read the number and the sign on the coin.
- Look at the coin. The writing on the coin shows its value.Coin: 50p
- Read the sign. p means pence.£ = pounds, p = pence
- Write the value. 50p
Check. Say the value out loud: 50p. ✓
Watch out. Read the number and the sign together. 20p is not the same as £20.
Method. Find two coins that add up to the amount. Try the bigger coins first.
- Try two coins. Pick two coins and add their values.20p + 5p
- Add them up. The total must be the amount we want.20p + 5p = 25p
- Write the answer. No other two coins make this amount.20p and 5p
Check. Add them the other way round: 5p + 20p = 25p. ✓
Watch out. The two coins can be the same, like two 50p coins.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 50p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.50p
- Add 20p. Add the next amount to the total so far.50p + 20p = 70p
- Add 2p. Add the next amount to the total so far.70p + 2p = 72p
- Write the answer. 72p
Check. Add them in a different order: 2p + 20p + 50p = 72p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Make a list of all the sets. Each set must add up to 4p.
- Use only the coins we are allowed. We can use only 1p and 2p coins.1p and 2p
- Find every way to make the amount. Each set of coins must add up to the amount.2p + 2p ; 2p + 1p + 1p ; 1p + 1p + 1p + 1p
- Count the different ways. Each different set of coins is one way.3 ways
- Write the answer. 3
Check. Check each set adds up to 4p. ✓
Watch out. Use the biggest coin first. Then use smaller coins to make the rest.
Key words. The price is what something costs. The change is the money given back.
Method. Change is the money we get back. Count on from the price to the money paid.
- Start at the price. We count on from the price to the money paid.35p
- Count on to the money paid. Add coins until we reach the money paid.35p + 50p + 10p + 5p = £1
- Find the change. The coins we counted on are the change.50p + 10p + 5p = 65p
- Write the answer. 65p change
Check. Add the change to the price: 35p + 65p = £1. ✓
Watch out. Change is the money paid minus the price. Do not add them.
Method. Write both amounts in pence. Then compare the numbers.
- Change both amounts to pence. £1 is the same as 100p.200p and 150p
- Compare the numbers. 200p is more than 150p.200 > 150
- Write the sign. The sign shows which amount is bigger, or that they are equal.>
Check. Say it in words: 200p is more than 150p. ✓
Watch out. Change pounds to pence before you compare. £1 = 100p.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 60p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.60p
- Add 60p. Add the next amount to the total so far.60p + 60p = 120p
- Change pence to pounds. 100p is the same as £1.120p = £1.20
- Write the answer. £1.20
Check. Add them in a different order: 60p + 60p = 120p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Take the money spent away from the money we had at first.
- Start with 100p. This is the money we have at first.100p
- Take away 45p. Take away the amount spent.100p − 45p = 55p
- Write the answer. 55p left
Check. Add back what was spent: 55p + 45p = £1. ✓
Watch out. Take away the amount spent, not the amount left.
Method. Add up each set. The set that makes 30p is the right one.
- Add up set A. Add the value of each coin.20p + 5p + 5p = 30p
- Add up set B. Add the value of each coin.20p + 20p = 40p
- Add up set C. Add the value of each coin.10p + 10p + 5p = 25p
- Write the answer. Only one set makes 30p.A
Check. The other sets do not make 30p, so only set A is right. ✓
Watch out. Add every coin in the set. Do not stop after the first two coins.
Method. Work out the amount, then decide if the claim is right.
- Work it out. Add the amounts in pence.50p + 50p = £1
- Compare with what is said. Lin says two 50p coins make £1.It matches
- Decide. Two 50p coins make £1, so Lin is right.Yes
Check. Check the sum again: 50p + 50p = £1. ✓
Watch out. Add all the amounts, not just some of them.
Total 14 marks. Allow about 14 minutes.
Exercise 6X End-of-chapter quiz
Non-calculatorKey words. p stands for pence. £ stands for pounds.
Method. Read the number and the sign on the coin.
- Look at the coin. The writing on the coin shows its value.Coin: £1
- Read the sign. £ means pounds.£ = pounds, p = pence
- Write the value. £1
Check. Say the value out loud: £1. ✓
Watch out. Read the number and the sign together. 20p is not the same as £20.
Method. Use the rule: £1 is the same as 100p.
- Look at the coin. It is a £1 coin.£1
- Use the rule. There are 100p in £1.£1 = 100p
- Write the answer. 100p
Check. 100p is one pound. ✓
Watch out. The question asks for pence, so write p after the number.
Method. Add the amounts together. Start with the biggest one, then count on.
- Start with 10p. Start with the biggest amount. Then count on.10p
- Add 10p. Add the next amount to the total so far.10p + 10p = 20p
- Add 2p. Add the next amount to the total so far.20p + 2p = 22p
- Write the answer. 22p
Check. Add them in a different order: 2p + 10p + 10p = 22p. ✓
Watch out. Add the amounts in the same unit. Pence with pence, pounds with pounds.
Method. Find two coins that add up to the amount. Try the bigger coins first.
- Try two coins. Pick two coins and add their values.20p + 20p
- Add them up. The total must be the amount we want.20p + 20p = 40p
- Write the answer. No other two coins make this amount.20p and 20p
Check. Add them the other way round: 20p + 20p = 40p. ✓
Watch out. The two coins can be the same, like two 50p coins.
Method. Add up each set. The set that makes 15p is the right one.
- Add up set A. Add the value of each coin.10p + 2p = 12p
- Add up set B. Add the value of each coin.5p + 5p + 5p = 15p
- Add up set C. Add the value of each coin.20p = 20p
- Write the answer. Only one set makes 15p.B
Check. The other sets do not make 15p, so only set B is right. ✓
Watch out. Add every coin in the set. Do not stop after the first two coins.
Method. Make a list of all the sets. Each set must add up to 6p.
- Use only the coins we are allowed. We can use only 1p and 5p coins.1p and 5p
- Find every way to make the amount. Each set of coins must add up to the amount.5p + 1p ; 1p + 1p + 1p + 1p + 1p + 1p
- Count the different ways. Each different set of coins is one way.2 ways
- Write the answer. 2
Check. Check each set adds up to 6p. ✓
Watch out. Use the biggest coin first. Then use smaller coins to make the rest.
Key words. The price is what something costs. The change is the money given back.
Method. Change is the money we get back. Count on from the price to the money paid.
- Start at the price. We count on from the price to the money paid.45p
- Count on to the money paid. Add coins until we reach the money paid.45p + 5p = 50p
- Find the change. The coins we counted on are the change.5p = 5p
- Write the answer. 5p change
Check. Add the change to the price: 45p + 5p = 50p. ✓
Watch out. Change is the money paid minus the price. Do not add them.
Key words. The price is what something costs. The change is the money given back.
Method. Change is the money we get back. Count on from the price to the money paid.
- Start at the price. We count on from the price to the money paid.£4
- Count on to the money paid. Add coins until we reach the money paid.£4 + £1 = £5
- Find the change. The coins we counted on are the change.£1 = £1
- Write the answer. £1 change
Check. Add the change to the price: £4 + £1 = £5. ✓
Watch out. Change is the money paid minus the price. Do not add them.
Method. Take the money spent away from the money we had at first.
- Start with 100p. This is the money we have at first.100p
- Take away 65p. Take away the amount spent.100p − 65p = 35p
- Write the answer. 35p left
Check. Add back what was spent: 35p + 65p = £1. ✓
Watch out. Take away the amount spent, not the amount left.
Method. Work out the amount, then decide if the claim is right.
- Work it out. Add the amounts in pence.25p + 25p = 50p
- Compare with what is said. Ruby says 25p + 25p makes 40p.It does not match
- Decide. Two 25p amounts make 50p, not 40p, so Ruby is not right.No
Check. Check the sum again: 25p + 25p = 50p. ✓
Watch out. Add all the amounts, not just some of them.