Year 1 Science Seasons and Weather: worked examples and questions with answers
By the end of this chapter you will be able to
- Name the four seasons in order and say which season comes next
- Name the months in each season
- Describe how plants, animals and clothes change through the year
- Name the weather types and match them to their symbols
- Record the weather on a simple chart and read it
- Say that days are longer in summer and shorter in winter
You should already know
- Counting and making tally marks (Year 1 Science, Chapter 1)
- Trees that lose their leaves and evergreen trees (Year 1 Science, Chapter 2)
- Animal groups and the materials things are made from (Year 1 Science, Chapters 4 and 7)
Where this leads
- Time: days, weeks and months (Year 1 Maths, Chapter 13)
National Curriculum for England, Key Stage 1 science, Year 1. Content: The four seasons in order: spring, summer, autumn, winter, The months in each season in the UK, Changes across the seasons in plants, animals and clothes, Weather types and their symbols, Observe and record the weather on a simple weather chart, Day length: longer days in summer, shorter days in winter.
- 9.1 The four seasons and their months: Worksheet (PDF) · Answers (PDF) · lesson page
- 9.2 Plants and animals change with the seasons: Worksheet (PDF) · Answers (PDF) · lesson page
- 9.3 Clothes change with the seasons: Worksheet (PDF) · Answers (PDF) · lesson page
- 9.4 Weather types and their symbols: Worksheet (PDF) · Answers (PDF) · lesson page
- 9.5 Observing and recording the weather: Worksheet (PDF) · Answers (PDF) · lesson page
- 9.6 How day length changes through the year: Worksheet (PDF) · Answers (PDF) · lesson page
- Check-up and end-of-chapter quiz: Worksheet (PDF) · Answers (PDF) · lesson page
Exercise P Do you remember?
Method. Look for the clues in the description.
- Read the clues. A shark has fins and lives in water.fins, lives in water
- Compare with each group. Fish have fins and live in water. Birds have feathers and wings.fins + water = fish
- Write the answer. fish
Check. A shark is a fish, so it fits the fish group. ✓
Watch out. Look for the clue about fins and water, not the size of the animal.
Method. Think about where each part of a plant grows.
- Think about the parts above the ground. The stem and leaves grow above the soil.stem and leaves: above
- Find the part below the ground. Roots grow down into the soil and hold the plant in place.roots: below
- Write the answer. roots
Check. Pull a plant gently and you can see the roots in the soil. ✓
Watch out. The stem and leaves are not under the soil, so they are not the answer.
Method. Think about which tree loses its leaves.
- Think about an oak. An oak loses its leaves in autumn, so it is bare in winter.oak: bare in winter
- Think about holly. Holly is an evergreen tree. It keeps its green leaves all year.holly: green all year
- Write the answer. holly
Check. Evergreen means the leaves stay green all year. Holly is evergreen. ✓
Watch out. An evergreen tree is not bare in winter. A tree that loses its leaves is called deciduous.
Method. Think about what you can see through a window.
- Think about a window. You can see through a window, so it is see-through.see-through
- Find the material that is see-through. Glass is see-through. Wood and paper are not usually see-through.glass is see-through
- Write the answer. glass
Check. Look through a clear glass cup. You can see the other side. ✓
Watch out. Glass can be see-through, but wood and metal are not.
Method. Think about the five senses.
- Think about the sense of hearing. Hearing is one of the five senses.hearing
- Find the body part. Your ears take in sounds.ears take in sound
- Write the answer. ears
Check. Cover your ears and listen. You hear less. ✓
Watch out. Eyes are for seeing, and the nose is for smelling. The ears are for hearing.
The four seasons and their months
Printable: Worksheet (PDF) · Answers (PDF) · Open this lesson on its own page
A year has four seasons. They always come in the same order: spring, summer, autumn and winter. After winter, spring comes again, so the seasons go round in a circle.
Each season has three months. In the UK, spring is March, April and May. Summer is June, July and August. Autumn is September, October and November. Winter is December, January and February.
Key ideas
- A year has four seasons, in this order: spring, summer, autumn, winter.
- After winter, spring comes again.
- Each season has three months.
- Winter is December, January and February. It goes into the New Year.
Key words. The seasons of the year are spring, summer, autumn and winter.
Method. The seasons always come in the same order. The season after summer is the next one in the list.
- Find the season in the list. The list goes spring, summer, autumn, winter.summer is number 2 of 4
- Move on to the next season. The next season is the one right after it in the list.summer → autumn
- Write the answer. autumn
Check. Say the list in order: spring, summer, autumn, winter. After summer comes autumn. ✓
Watch out. After winter comes spring again, because the seasons go round in a circle.
Key words. A season is one of the four parts of the year.
Method. Each season has three months next to each other. Find the three months of autumn.
- Find the season. We want the months of autumn.Autumn
- Find its three months on the calendar. Each season has three months in a row.September, October, November
- Write the answer. September, October, November
Check. There are 3 months in autumn, and you can count them: September, October, November. ✓
Watch out. Read the months on a calendar, one after another. Do not add a month from another season.
Method. Find the month on the calendar, then find the season that has that month.
- Find the month on the calendar. The months go in order from January.October is month number 10
- Find the season with that month. Each season has three months.October is in autumn
- Write the answer. autumn
Check. The months of autumn are September, October, November. October is one of them. ✓
Watch out. Check the months either side of it, so you know its season.
Watch out
Watch out: winter is not just January. Winter is December, January and February. December is at the end of one year and January is at the start of the next, but all three are winter.
Exam tip
Grown-up tip. Chant the seasons in order: spring, summer, autumn, winter. Then point to a calendar and ask: “Which season is this month in?”
Try it at home
- Draw a circle on paper, with a grown-up. Split it into four parts.
- Write spring, summer, autumn and winter around the circle, in order.
- Add the three months to each part, and hang the paper up for the year.
Exercise 9A The four seasons and their months
Method. Say the seasons in the order that the year goes round.
- Start with spring. Spring comes first, after winter.spring
- Add the next seasons in turn. Each season comes straight after the one before it.spring, summer, autumn
- Add winter at the end. Winter is the last season in the list.spring, summer, autumn, winter
Check. After winter, the list starts again with spring. ✓
Watch out. Do not put winter before autumn.
Key words. The seasons of the year are spring, summer, autumn and winter.
Method. The seasons always come in the same order. The season after spring is the next one in the list.
- Find the season in the list. The list goes spring, summer, autumn, winter.spring is number 1 of 4
- Move on to the next season. The next season is the one right after it in the list.spring → summer
- Write the answer. summer
Check. Say the list in order: spring, summer, autumn, winter. After spring comes summer. ✓
Watch out. After winter comes spring again, because the seasons go round in a circle.
Key words. The seasons of the year are spring, summer, autumn and winter.
Method. The seasons always come in the same order. The season after autumn is the next one in the list.
- Find the season in the list. The list goes spring, summer, autumn, winter.autumn is number 3 of 4
- Move on to the next season. The next season is the one right after it in the list.autumn → winter
- Write the answer. winter
Check. Say the list in order: spring, summer, autumn, winter. After autumn comes winter. ✓
Watch out. After winter comes spring again, because the seasons go round in a circle.
Key words. The seasons of the year are spring, summer, autumn and winter.
Method. The seasons always come in the same order. The season after winter is the next one in the list.
- Find the season in the list. The list goes spring, summer, autumn, winter.winter is number 4 of 4
- Move on to the next season. The next season is the one right after it in the list.winter → spring
- Write the answer. spring
Check. Say the list in order: spring, summer, autumn, winter. After winter comes spring. ✓
Watch out. After winter comes spring again, because the seasons go round in a circle.
Key words. A season is one of the four parts of the year.
Method. Each season has three months next to each other. Find the three months of spring.
- Find the season. We want the months of spring.Spring
- Find its three months on the calendar. Each season has three months in a row.March, April, May
- Write the answer. March, April, May
Check. There are 3 months in spring, and you can count them: March, April, May. ✓
Watch out. Read the months on a calendar, one after another. Do not add a month from another season.
Method. Find the month on the calendar, then find the season that has that month.
- Find the month on the calendar. The months go in order from January.June is month number 6
- Find the season with that month. Each season has three months.June is in summer
- Write the answer. summer
Check. The months of summer are June, July, August. June is one of them. ✓
Watch out. Check the months either side of it, so you know its season.
Method. Find the month on the calendar, then find the season that has that month.
- Find the month on the calendar. The months go in order from January.December is month number 12
- Find the season with that month. Each season has three months.December is in winter
- Write the answer. winter
Check. The months of winter are December, January, February. December is one of them. ✓
Watch out. Check the months either side of it, so you know its season.
Method. Find the month on the calendar, then find the season that has that month.
- Find the month on the calendar. The months go in order from January.April is month number 4
- Find the season with that month. Each season has three months.April is in spring
- Write the answer. spring
Check. The months of spring are March, April, May. April is one of them. ✓
Watch out. Check the months either side of it, so you know its season.
Method. Find the month on the calendar, then find the season that has that month.
- Find the month on the calendar. The months go in order from January.August is month number 8
- Find the season with that month. Each season has three months.August is in summer
- Write the answer. summer
Check. The months of summer are June, July, August. August is one of them. ✓
Watch out. Check the months either side of it, so you know its season.
Method. Find the month on the calendar, then find the season that has that month.
- Find the month on the calendar. The months go in order from January.October is month number 10
- Find the season with that month. Each season has three months.October is in autumn
- Write the answer. autumn
Check. The months of autumn are September, October, November. October is one of them. ✓
Watch out. Check the months either side of it, so you know its season.
Method. Look at the seasons on each side of the gap.
- Look at the season before the gap. The gap comes after summer.summer, ?
- Find the season that comes next. After summer comes autumn, and after autumn comes winter.summer → autumn → winter
- Write the missing season. autumn
Check. The full list is summer, autumn, winter, spring. ✓
Watch out. Check the list again. The seasons always come in the same order.
Method. Look at the seasons on each side of the gap.
- Look at the season before the gap. The gap comes after autumn.autumn, ?
- Find the season that comes next. After autumn comes winter, and then spring.autumn → winter → spring
- Write the missing season. winter
Check. The full list is autumn, winter, spring, summer. ✓
Watch out. Count the seasons in order from autumn. Winter comes straight after autumn.
Method. Name the months of winter, then count them.
- Name the months of winter. Winter is December, January and February.December, January, February
- Count them. Count each month once.1, 2, 3
- Compare with what Mei said. Mei said four, but there are only three months.3 is not 4
- Write the answer. No. Winter has three months.
Check. Each season has three months, so one season cannot have four. ✓
Watch out. Count the months in winter one at a time, so you do not add a month from autumn or spring.
Method. Plan a simple way to check.
- Use a calendar. A calendar shows all the months in order.a calendar
- Count the months for one season. Use the same method for every season.spring: March, April, May = 3 months
- Write the answer. Each season has three months.
Check. Count the winter months too: December, January, February. That is three. ✓
Watch out. Count one season at a time, so you do not mix them up.
Plants and animals change with the seasons
Printable: Worksheet (PDF) · Answers (PDF) · Open this lesson on its own page
Plants and animals change with the seasons. In spring, trees grow new leaves, and flowers such as daffodils come up. In summer, trees have full, green leaves. In autumn, the leaves of many trees turn yellow, orange or brown, and then they fall off. In winter, trees such as oak have no leaves. Holly and pine keep their green leaves and needles all year.
Animals change too. Lambs are often born in spring. Frogs lay frogspawn in spring. Swallows fly to warmer places in autumn. Hedgehogs sleep through the winter.
Key ideas
- In spring, trees grow new leaves and flowers come up.
- In summer, trees have full, green leaves.
- In autumn, many leaves change colour and fall off.
- In winter, some trees are bare. Holly and pine stay green.
- Hedgehogs hibernate: they sleep through the cold winter months.
Method. Think about when daffodils come up and flower.
- Find the flower. Daffodils are yellow flowers that grow in many gardens.daffodil
- Think about when it flowers. Daffodils come up and flower after the winter, when the days get warmer.daffodil: flowers in spring
- Write the answer. spring
Check. Daffodils are one of the first flowers of the year. ✓
Watch out. Sunflowers flower in summer, so they are not the answer here.
Method. Think about what happens to oak leaves over the year.
- Look at the oak in autumn. The leaves change colour, for example to yellow or brown.yellow or brown leaves
- Think about what happens next. Oak leaves fall off the tree, so the tree is bare in winter.leaves fall off
- Write the answer. The leaves change colour and fall off.
Check. In spring, the new leaves come back. ✓
Watch out. Oak trees lose their leaves. Holly trees keep their green leaves all year.
Method. Think about the season when frogs lay their eggs.
- Think about frogspawn. Frogspawn is the jelly of eggs that frogs lay in ponds.frogspawn in a pond
- Think about the season. Frogs lay frogspawn in early spring, while the pond is still cold.early spring
- Write the answer. spring
Check. Frogspawn turns into tadpoles, and then into frogs. ✓
Watch out. Do not touch frogspawn with your hands. Look at it from the side of the pond with a grown-up.
Watch out
Watch out: not every tree loses its leaves. Oak and sycamore lose their leaves in autumn, but holly and pine stay green all year.
Exam tip
Grown-up tip. Go for a walk with your child and look at the trees. Ask: “Are the leaves green, yellow, or gone?” Wash your hands after touching plants or soil.
Try it at home
- Go for a walk in a park or garden, with a grown-up.
- Choose one tree to watch. Look at its leaves. Are they green, yellow, brown or gone?
- Do the same walk once a month. Did the tree change?
- Do not pick leaves or flowers. Wash your hands after touching plants or soil.
Exercise 9B Plants and animals through the year
Method. Think about the season when a tree starts to grow again.
- Think about the season after winter. Trees start to grow new leaves after the cold winter.after winter
- Find the season. The season after winter is spring.spring
- Write the answer. spring
Check. In spring, the buds open into new leaves. ✓
Watch out. Full, green leaves come later, in summer.
Method. Think about the leaves in the warmest part of the year.
- Think about full leaves. The leaves are full and green in the warm months.full and green
- Find the season. The warm months are summer.summer
- Write the answer. summer
Check. In autumn, the leaves start to change colour. ✓
Watch out. Spring leaves are new and light green. Summer leaves are full and dark green.
Method. Think about when leaves change colour.
- Think about the colour of leaves. Leaves turn yellow, orange or brown before they fall.yellow, orange or brown
- Find the season. Leaves change colour in autumn.autumn
- Write the answer. autumn
Check. The leaves then fall, and the tree is bare in winter. ✓
Watch out. Spring is when leaves start, so it is not the answer.
Method. Think about which tree loses its leaves.
- Think about the sycamore. A sycamore loses its leaves in autumn.sycamore: loses leaves
- Think about the pine. A pine is an evergreen tree. It keeps its green needles all year.pine: green all year
- Write the answer. pine
Check. Evergreen trees stay green in winter. ✓
Watch out. Pine trees have needles, not broad leaves, but the needles stay green.
Method. Think about the season each flower grows in.
- Think about the daffodil. Daffodils flower in spring.daffodil: spring
- Think about the sunflower. Sunflowers grow tall and flower in summer.sunflower: summer
- Write the answer. daffodil
Check. Daffodils are yellow and often come up in gardens in spring. ✓
Watch out. Sunflowers are tall and bright, but they come later in the year.
Method. Think about when a new lamb is born on a farm.
- Think about the babies. Many lambs are born in the early months of the year.lambs in early year
- Find the season. The early months of the year are spring.spring
- Write the answer. spring
Check. A lamb grows into a sheep. ✓
Watch out. Lambs are not born in the middle of the summer.
Method. Think about which animal flies.
- Think about the animal that flies. A swallow is a bird, and it can fly.swallow: a bird
- Think about winter. Swallows fly away to warmer places before winter, and come back in spring.swallows fly away in autumn
- Write the answer. swallow
Check. A hedgehog walks on the ground. It does not fly. ✓
Watch out. A hedgehog sleeps through winter instead of flying away.
Method. Think about how hedgehogs survive the cold.
- Think about winter. In the cold winter, there is less food for a hedgehog.less food in winter
- Think about what a hedgehog does. A hedgehog hibernates. It sleeps through the cold months.hibernates
- Write the answer. True
Check. Hedgehogs wake up in spring and look for food again. ✓
Watch out. Hibernating means sleeping through the cold, not just being quiet.
Method. Think about when frogs lay frogspawn.
- Think about the clue. Frogs lay frogspawn in ponds in early spring.frogspawn in early spring
- Find the season. Early spring is the season when frogs lay their eggs.spring
- Write the answer. spring
Check. Frogspawn turns into tadpoles, and then into frogs. ✓
Watch out. Frogspawn is laid in spring, not in winter.
Method. Think about when swallows fly away.
- Think about the clue. Swallows fly away to warmer places before winter.fly away before winter
- Find the season. The season before winter is autumn.autumn
- Write the answer. autumn
Check. Swallows come back to the UK in spring. ✓
Watch out. Swallows leave in autumn and come back in spring.
Method. Think about when hedgehogs sleep.
- Think about the clue. Hedgehogs hibernate, and sleep through the cold months.asleep through cold months
- Find the season. The cold months are in winter.winter
- Write the answer. winter
Check. Hedgehogs wake up in spring. ✓
Watch out. Hibernating animals sleep through winter.
Method. Think about the leaves in summer.
- Think about summer. Summer is warm and the leaves are full.full leaves
- Compare with what Ravi said. Ravi said there are no leaves, but trees such as oak have full leaves in summer.leaves in summer
- Write the answer. No. Most trees have full, green leaves in summer.
Check. Trees that lose their leaves get new ones in spring, so they are full in summer. ✓
Watch out. Trees that lose their leaves are bare in winter, but they are full in summer.
Method. Make a prediction, then plan a way to test it.
- Make a prediction. Oak leaves change colour in autumn, and then fall.colour changes, leaves fall
- Plan a test. Look at the same tree each week, and write down what you see.same tree, every week
- Write the answer. The leaves change colour and fall off. We check the same tree each week.
Check. Keep a simple record: week 1, week 2, week 3. ✓
Watch out. Use the same tree each time, so you can compare what you see.
Clothes change with the seasons
Printable: Worksheet (PDF) · Answers (PDF) · Open this lesson on its own page
We change our clothes with the seasons, so that we stay comfortable. In summer, when it is warm, we wear light clothes such as t-shirts and shorts. On a sunny day, we wear a sun hat. In winter, when it is cold, we wear warm clothes such as a coat, a woolly hat, a scarf and gloves. In spring and autumn, we might wear a jumper or a light coat.
Key ideas
- In summer, wear light clothes to keep cool.
- In winter, wear warm clothes to keep warm.
- A sun hat keeps the sun off your head on a sunny day.
- In spring and autumn, a jumper or light coat helps when it is cool.
Method. Think about a hot day in summer, then choose the clothes.
- Think about how it feels. On a hot day, you want to stay cool.hot = cool clothes
- Choose light clothes. A t-shirt and shorts are light and cool.t-shirt and shorts
- Write the answer. A t-shirt and shorts
Check. Think of the coat: it is too hot for a summer day. ✓
Watch out. A coat keeps you warm, so it is not the best choice on a hot day.
Method. Think about what keeps you warm in winter.
- Look at each choice. A coat keeps you warm. Shorts are for warm weather.coat or shorts
- Choose the warm one. The coat is warm, so it is the best choice for a cold winter day.coat = warm
- Write the answer. A coat
Check. Put on a coat and feel how warm you are. ✓
Watch out. Shorts are for warm weather, not for cold winter days.
Method. Think about what keeps the head, neck and hands warm.
- Look at the choices. Sun hats and shorts are for warm weather.sun hat, shorts = warm weather
- Choose the warm clothes. A woolly hat keeps your head warm. A scarf keeps your neck warm.woolly hat, scarf
- Write the answer. A woolly hat and a scarf
Check. Both of these are warm clothes for a cold, windy day. ✓
Watch out. On a cold day, pick warm clothes even if the sun is out.
Watch out
Watch out: sunny does not always mean warm. On a sunny spring or autumn day, it can still be cold. Check how the air feels before you choose your clothes.
Exam tip
Grown-up tip. Let your child choose clothes for the day from a pile. Ask: “Is it hot, warm or cold today?” On sunny days, put on sun cream with a grown-up.
Try it at home
- With a grown-up, sort the clothes in your wardrobe into two piles: summer and winter.
- Count how many clothes are in each pile.
- Ask a grown-up which pile you will need next, and why.
Exercise 9C Clothes for the seasons
Method. Think about the weather in summer.
- Think about summer. Summer days are warm, so we want light clothes.warm = light clothes
- Choose the light clothes. A t-shirt is light. A coat is warm and heavy.t-shirt is light
- Write the answer. t-shirt
Check. You would be too hot in a coat on a summer day. ✓
Watch out. Coats are for cold days.
Method. Think about what each hat is for.
- Think about the sun hat. A sun hat keeps the sun off your head.sun hat = sun
- Think about the woolly hat. A woolly hat keeps your head warm on a cold day.woolly hat = warm
- Write the answer. sun hat
Check. The sun hat is light and has a wide brim. ✓
Watch out. A woolly hat is for cold weather, not sunny weather.
Method. Think about what keeps you warm.
- Look at the shorts. Shorts are light and show your legs.shorts = light
- Look at the coat. A coat is warm and covers your body.coat = warm
- Write the answer. coat
Check. Wear shorts on a cold day and you will feel the cold. ✓
Watch out. Shorts are for warm weather.
Method. Think about what each hat does.
- Look at the sun hat. A sun hat keeps the sun off your face, but it is not warm.sun hat: not warm
- Look at the woolly hat. A woolly hat is thick and keeps the cold off your head.woolly hat: warm
- Write the answer. woolly hat
Check. Wear each hat on a cold day to see which one keeps you warm. ✓
Watch out. A thick hat keeps you warm. A thin hat does not.
Method. Think about each clothes item, and whether it keeps you cool or warm.
- Sort the summer clothes. Light clothes and sun hats are for summer.t-shirt, shorts, sun hat
- Sort the winter clothes. Thick clothes that keep you warm are for winter.coat, gloves, scarf
- Write the two piles. Summer: t-shirt, shorts, sun hat. Winter: coat, gloves, scarf.
Check. There are 3 summer clothes and 3 winter clothes. ✓
Watch out. Gloves and scarves keep the cold off, so they go in the winter pile.
Method. Think about what keeps you warm when it snows.
- Think about the cold day. A cold day needs warm clothes.cold = warm clothes
- Choose the warm clothes. A coat and gloves keep you warm.coat and gloves
- Write the answer. a coat and gloves
Check. Wear them outside and your hands and body stay warm. ✓
Watch out. A t-shirt is not warm enough for snow.
Method. Think about what keeps you cool on a hot day.
- Think about the hot day. A hot day needs light clothes.hot = light clothes
- Choose the light clothes. A t-shirt and shorts are light and cool.t-shirt and shorts
- Write the answer. a t-shirt and shorts
Check. A sun hat can go with them too. ✓
Watch out. Gloves are not needed on a hot day.
Method. Think about what keeps the rain off you.
- Think about the rain. Rain makes you wet, so you need something to keep it off.rain = keep dry
- Choose the clothes. A raincoat keeps the rain off your body.raincoat
- Write the answer. a raincoat
Check. Rain on a t-shirt would make you wet. ✓
Watch out. A raincoat keeps you dry, but it does not stop you from getting cold.
Method. Think about how many clothes you wear on a cold day.
- Think about winter. In winter, we wear a coat, a jumper and sometimes more on top.many layers
- Think about summer. In summer, we usually wear one light t-shirt.one light layer
- Write the answer. True
Check. Layers keep you warm, because each layer traps warm air close to your body. ✓
Watch out. Layers help you warm up or cool down as the day changes.
Method. Think about the weather on a hot day in June.
- Think about June. June is in summer, so the day is hot.June = summer
- Choose the best clothes. Gloves, a scarf and a woolly hat are for cold weather.cold-weather clothes
- Write the answer. t-shirt
Check. A t-shirt is the only summer choice on the list. ✓
Watch out. The other three are winter clothes.
Method. Think about January.
- Find the season. January is in winter.January = winter
- Think about the weather. Winter is usually cold, so we need warm clothes.cold
- Write the answer. No. January is in winter, so we need warm clothes.
Check. Shorts and a sun hat are for summer. ✓
Watch out. Check the month before you choose the clothes.
Method. Look at what each item is for.
- Look at the coat, gloves and scarf. These keep you warm on cold days.warm in winter
- Look at the shorts. Shorts are for warm weather.warm weather
- Write the answer. Shorts. They are for warm weather, not for keeping warm.
Check. The other three all keep you warm in winter. ✓
Watch out. Look for the item that does not keep you warm.
Method. Look back at the clothes you wore, and at the weather that day.
- Look back at the week. Think about the cold days and the warm days.cold days and warm days
- Compare the clothes. Warm clothes go with cold days, and light clothes go with warm days.warm = cold day
- Write what you noticed. Yes. We wore warm clothes on cold days and light clothes on warm days.
Check. Write down one example from your own week to check. ✓
Watch out. Any clear example from your own week is a good answer.
Weather types and their symbols
Printable: Worksheet (PDF) · Answers (PDF) · Open this lesson on its own page
The weather is what the air outside is like. It changes from day to day, and from season to season. We can describe the weather in a word, and we can show it with a symbol. A symbol is a simple picture.
Here are the five weather types in this chapter. Each one has its own symbol.
Key ideas
- Sunny: the sun is shining. The symbol is a yellow sun with rays.
- Cloudy: clouds cover the sky, but there may be no rain.
- Rainy: rain falls from the clouds. The symbol has raindrops.
- Windy: the wind is blowing. The symbol has lines with arrows.
- Snowy: snow falls, usually in winter. The symbol has snowflakes.
Key words. A symbol is a simple picture that stands for something.
Method. Look at the symbol, then think about what it shows.
- Look at the symbol. Each symbol shows one kind of weather.a yellow sun with rays
- Match it to a weather word. The five weather words are sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy and snowy.a yellow sun with rays is sunny
- Write the answer. sunny
Check. Say the weather word out loud: sunny. Does it fit the symbol? ✓
Watch out. A yellow sun with rays means sunny weather. Check that the picture has rays.
Key words. A symbol is a simple picture that stands for something.
Method. Look at the symbol, then think about what it shows.
- Look at the symbol. Each symbol shows one kind of weather.lines with arrows, showing moving air
- Match it to a weather word. The five weather words are sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy and snowy.lines with arrows, showing moving air is windy
- Write the answer. windy
Check. Say the weather word out loud: windy. Does it fit the symbol? ✓
Watch out. Lines with arrows show the air moving, so it is windy weather.
Method. Think about what snowflakes falling mean.
- Read the clue. Ali sees snowflakes falling out of the window.snowflakes falling
- Match the clue to a weather word. Snowflakes falling means snow, and snow is snowy weather.snowflakes = snowy
- Write the answer. snowy
Check. The symbol for snowy weather has a cloud with snowflakes. ✓
Watch out. A cloud with raindrops is rainy, not snowy.
Watch out
Watch out: a cloud does not always mean rain. Cloudy weather has clouds but no rain. Rainy weather has a cloud and raindrops.
Exam tip
Grown-up tip. Look out of the window together. Ask: “What can you see in the sky? Is it sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy or snowy?” Never look straight at the Sun, even on a sunny day.
Try it at home
- With a grown-up, look out of a window each day for one week.
- Choose the weather word that fits the day.
- Draw the matching symbol on a card and put it on the calendar.
- Never look straight at the Sun.
Exercise 9D Weather types and symbols
Key words. A symbol is a simple picture that stands for something.
Method. Look at the symbol, then think about what it shows.
- Look at the symbol. Each symbol shows one kind of weather.a yellow sun with rays
- Match it to a weather word. The five weather words are sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy and snowy.a yellow sun with rays is sunny
- Write the answer. sunny
Check. Say the weather word out loud: sunny. Does it fit the symbol? ✓
Watch out. A yellow sun with rays means sunny weather. Check that the picture has rays.
Key words. A symbol is a simple picture that stands for something.
Method. Look at the symbol, then think about what it shows.
- Look at the symbol. Each symbol shows one kind of weather.grey and white clouds with no rain
- Match it to a weather word. The five weather words are sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy and snowy.grey and white clouds with no rain is cloudy
- Write the answer. cloudy
Check. Say the weather word out loud: cloudy. Does it fit the symbol? ✓
Watch out. Clouds with no raindrops mean cloudy weather. Look for clouds, and check there are no drops.
Key words. A symbol is a simple picture that stands for something.
Method. Look at the symbol, then think about what it shows.
- Look at the symbol. Each symbol shows one kind of weather.a cloud with raindrops falling
- Match it to a weather word. The five weather words are sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy and snowy.a cloud with raindrops falling is rainy
- Write the answer. rainy
Check. Say the weather word out loud: rainy. Does it fit the symbol? ✓
Watch out. Raindrops falling from a cloud mean rainy weather. Look for the drops.
Key words. A symbol is a simple picture that stands for something.
Method. Look at the symbol, then think about what it shows.
- Look at the symbol. Each symbol shows one kind of weather.lines with arrows, showing moving air
- Match it to a weather word. The five weather words are sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy and snowy.lines with arrows, showing moving air is windy
- Write the answer. windy
Check. Say the weather word out loud: windy. Does it fit the symbol? ✓
Watch out. Lines with arrows show the air moving, so it is windy weather.
Key words. A symbol is a simple picture that stands for something.
Method. Look at the symbol, then think about what it shows.
- Look at the symbol. Each symbol shows one kind of weather.a cloud with snowflakes falling
- Match it to a weather word. The five weather words are sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy and snowy.a cloud with snowflakes falling is snowy
- Write the answer. snowy
Check. Say the weather word out loud: snowy. Does it fit the symbol? ✓
Watch out. Snowflakes falling from a cloud mean snowy weather. Look for the flake shapes.
Method. Find the symbol that shows snowy weather.
- Look at each letter. A has raindrops, B has snowflakes, C has a sun, D has wind lines, E has clouds.A rainy, B snowy, C sunny, D windy, E cloudy
- Find the snowflakes. Snowflakes falling from a cloud mean snow.snowflakes = B
- Write the answer. B
Check. Only B has snowflakes falling from the cloud. ✓
Watch out. Look for the snowflakes, not for the raindrops.
Method. Look at what the symbol shows.
- Look at the clues. Raindrops falling from a cloud show rain.raindrops = rain
- Match the clue to a weather word. Rain is rainy weather, not snowy.rainy, not snowy
- Write the answer. False
Check. Snowy weather has snowflakes. Rainy weather has raindrops. ✓
Watch out. Snowflakes and raindrops look different. Check the shape.
Method. Look at what Priya can see and what she cannot see.
- Look at the sky. Priya can see grey clouds.grey clouds
- Look for rain. No rain is falling, so it is not rainy.no rain
- Write the answer. cloudy
Check. Cloudy weather has clouds, and no rain is falling. ✓
Watch out. Look for the clue that is missing, not just the clue you can see.
Key words. A clue is a fact that helps you find the answer.
Method. Read the clue, then match it to a weather word.
- Read the clue. Look at what the clue describes.Raindrops falling from a cloud
- Match it to a weather word. The five weather words are sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy and snowy.Raindrops falling from a cloud is rainy
- Write the answer. rainy
Check. Say the weather word out loud: rainy. Does it fit the clue? ✓
Watch out. Raindrops falling from a cloud mean rainy weather. Look for the drops.
Key words. A clue is a fact that helps you find the answer.
Method. Read the clue, then match it to a weather word.
- Read the clue. Look at what the clue describes.Lines with arrows showing moving air
- Match it to a weather word. The five weather words are sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy and snowy.Lines with arrows showing moving air is windy
- Write the answer. windy
Check. Say the weather word out loud: windy. Does it fit the clue? ✓
Watch out. Lines with arrows show the air moving, so it is windy weather.
Key words. A clue is a fact that helps you find the answer.
Method. Read the clue, then match it to a weather word.
- Read the clue. Look at what the clue describes.White snowflakes falling
- Match it to a weather word. The five weather words are sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy and snowy.White snowflakes falling is snowy
- Write the answer. snowy
Check. Say the weather word out loud: snowy. Does it fit the clue? ✓
Watch out. Snowflakes falling from a cloud mean snowy weather. Look for the flake shapes.
Method. Think about what makes leaves blow.
- Look at the leaves. The leaves are blowing about on the tree.leaves moving
- Think about what moves them. Wind is moving air, and moving air blows the leaves.moving air = wind
- Write the answer. Yes. Blowing leaves show that the wind is moving.
Check. Still leaves and no wind would not blow about. ✓
Watch out. Look for a clue that shows the air is moving.
Method. Plan a simple way to find out.
- Look at the weather. Look out of a window at the same time each day.look out of a window
- Choose how to record it. Use a word or a symbol from the five weather types.word or symbol
- Write the answer. Look out of a window and record it on a chart each day.
Check. Use the same five weather types each day, so the records can be compared. ✓
Watch out. Write the day next to each record, so you can compare one day with another.
Observing and recording the weather
Printable: Worksheet (PDF) · Answers (PDF) · Open this lesson on its own page
Scientists observe the weather. That means they look at it carefully. Then they record it, which means they write it down, so they can compare one day with another.
Ravi looked at the weather every day for one week. He wrote down the weather for each day.
| Day | Weather |
|---|---|
| Monday | sunny |
| Tuesday | rainy |
| Wednesday | cloudy |
| Thursday | sunny |
| Friday | windy |
| Saturday | rainy |
| Sunday | sunny |
Key ideas
- To observe means to look carefully.
- To record means to write down what you see.
- A weather chart shows the weather for each day.
- A bar chart shows how many days had each kind of weather. The taller the bar, the more days.
Key words. A chart shows information in a simple picture or table.
Method. Count the days on Ravi’s chart that had sunny weather.
- Look down the weather column. Find each day that had sunny weather.Monday, Thursday, Sunday
- Count those days. Count each day once.3 days
- Write the answer. 3
Check. Add all the counts: 3 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 0 = 7 days. ✓
Watch out. A day with no weather of this kind counts as zero, not as a missing day.
Method. Count each kind of weather, then find the biggest number.
- Count each kind of weather. Use Ravi’s chart.sunny 3, cloudy 1, rainy 2, windy 1, snowy 0
- Find the biggest number. The most days is the biggest number.3 is the biggest
- Write the answer. sunny
Check. The other kinds have fewer days than 3. ✓
Watch out. The tallest bar on the chart shows the weather that happened most.
Method. Count the groups of five first. Then add the marks that are left over.
- Count the groups of five. Each group has four lines and one line across them.1 group of 5 = 5
- Count the marks left over. These are not in a full group of five.2 left over
- Add them together. The total is the number of days.5 + 2 = 7
Check. Count one mark at a time from the start to check: you get 7. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups of five first, so you do not count a mark twice.
Watch out
Watch out: a tally group has five marks. Four lines go up, and one line goes across them. Count the full groups of five first, then add the marks that are left over.
Exam tip
Grown-up tip. Keep a weather chart on the fridge for one week. Your child can draw a symbol for each day, then count the days at the end. Ask: “Which weather happened the most?”
Try it at home
- Each morning, look out of the window with a grown-up. Draw the symbol for the weather.
- At the end of the week, count how many days had each kind of weather.
- Use tally marks, or draw a bar chart, to show your count.
Exercise 9E Recording and reading the weather
Key words. A chart shows information in a simple picture or table.
Method. Count the days on Ravi’s chart that had cloudy weather.
- Look down the weather column. Find each day that had cloudy weather.Wednesday
- Count those days. Count each day once.1 day
- Write the answer. 1
Check. Add all the counts: 3 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 0 = 7 days. ✓
Watch out. A day with no weather of this kind counts as zero, not as a missing day.
Key words. A chart shows information in a simple picture or table.
Method. Count the days on Ravi’s chart that had rainy weather.
- Look down the weather column. Find each day that had rainy weather.Tuesday, Saturday
- Count those days. Count each day once.2 days
- Write the answer. 2
Check. Add all the counts: 3 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 0 = 7 days. ✓
Watch out. A day with no weather of this kind counts as zero, not as a missing day.
Key words. A chart shows information in a simple picture or table.
Method. Count the days on Ravi’s chart that had snowy weather.
- Look down the weather column. Find each day that had snowy weather.none
- Count those days. Count each day once.0 days
- Write the answer. 0
Check. Add all the counts: 3 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 0 = 7 days. ✓
Watch out. A day with no weather of this kind counts as zero, not as a missing day.
Method. Count each kind of weather, then find the biggest number.
- Count each kind of weather. Use Ravi’s chart.sunny 3, cloudy 1, rainy 2, windy 1, snowy 0
- Find the biggest number. The most days is the biggest number.3 is the biggest
- Write the answer. sunny
Check. The other kinds have fewer days than 3. ✓
Watch out. The tallest bar on the chart shows the weather that happened most.
Method. Add up the number for each kind of weather.
- Find each number. Use Ravi’s chart.sunny 3, cloudy 1, rainy 2, windy 1, snowy 0
- Add them together. Add all five numbers to find the number of days.3 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 0 = 7
- Write the answer. 7 days
Check. The week has seven days, Monday to Sunday. ✓
Watch out. Every day should be counted exactly once.
Method. Count the groups of five first. Then add the marks that are left over.
- Count the groups of five. Each group has four lines and one line across them.1 group of 5 = 5
- Count the marks left over. These are not in a full group of five.3 left over
- Add them together. The total is the number of days.5 + 3 = 8
Check. Count one mark at a time from the start to check: you get 8. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups of five first, so you do not count a mark twice.
Key words. A chart shows information in a simple picture or table.
Method. Count the days on Ravi’s chart that had sunny weather.
- Look down the weather column. Find each day that had sunny weather.Monday, Thursday, Sunday
- Count those days. Count each day once.3 days
- Write the answer. 3
Check. Add all the counts: 3 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 0 = 7 days. ✓
Watch out. A day with no weather of this kind counts as zero, not as a missing day.
Key words. A chart shows information in a simple picture or table.
Method. Count the days on Ravi’s chart that had cloudy weather.
- Look down the weather column. Find each day that had cloudy weather.Wednesday
- Count those days. Count each day once.1 day
- Write the answer. 1
Check. Add all the counts: 3 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 0 = 7 days. ✓
Watch out. A day with no weather of this kind counts as zero, not as a missing day.
Key words. A chart shows information in a simple picture or table.
Method. Count the days on Ravi’s chart that had rainy weather.
- Look down the weather column. Find each day that had rainy weather.Tuesday, Saturday
- Count those days. Count each day once.2 days
- Write the answer. 2
Check. Add all the counts: 3 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 0 = 7 days. ✓
Watch out. A day with no weather of this kind counts as zero, not as a missing day.
Key words. A chart shows information in a simple picture or table.
Method. Count the days on Ravi’s chart that had windy weather.
- Look down the weather column. Find each day that had windy weather.Friday
- Count those days. Count each day once.1 day
- Write the answer. 1
Check. Add all the counts: 3 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 0 = 7 days. ✓
Watch out. A day with no weather of this kind counts as zero, not as a missing day.
Method. Find the number of sunny days and the number of rainy days.
- Find the sunny days. Ravi had 3 sunny days.3 sunny
- Find the rainy days. Ravi had 2 rainy days.2 rainy
- Work out how many more. Take the smaller number away from the bigger one.3 − 2 = 1
- Write the answer. 1 more sunny day
Check. Add them back: 2 + 1 = 3, the number of sunny days. ✓
Watch out. Compare the two numbers, then take the smaller from the bigger.
Method. Add the sunny days from this week to the sunny days next week.
- Find the sunny days this week. Ravi had 3 sunny days.3 sunny
- Add the sunny days next week. Next week there are 4 sunny days.3 + 4
- Write the answer. 7 sunny days in both weeks
Check. Count on from 3: 4, 5, 6, 7. ✓
Watch out. Add the two numbers together, not the number of days in the week.
Method. Count the sunny days, then count all the other days.
- Count the sunny days. Ravi had 3 sunny days.3 sunny
- Count all the other days. Add the cloudy, rainy, windy and snowy days.1 + 2 + 1 + 0 = 4
- Compare the two numbers. For Ravi to be right, the sunny days would need to be more than 4.3 is less than 4
- Write the answer. No. There were 3 sunny days and 4 other days.
Check. 3 is less than 4, so sunny days were not more than all the others. ✓
Watch out. Add up all the other days before you compare.
Method. Plan a fair test with a chart for each season.
- Choose what to measure. We want to count the windy days.count windy days
- Record for each season. Record every day for several weeks, in autumn and in summer.several weeks each season
- Compare the charts. Count the windy days on each chart, then compare the two numbers.compare the counts
- Write the answer. Record every day for several weeks, then compare the windy days.
Check. Use the same method each time, so the test is fair. ✓
Watch out. A short record of one or two days is not enough to compare two seasons.
How day length changes through the year
Printable: Worksheet (PDF) · Answers (PDF) · Open this lesson on its own page
The day length is how long the sun is up in the sky each day. Day length changes through the year. In summer, the days are longer. The sun rises early and sets late, so there is daylight for longer. In winter, the days are shorter. The sun rises later and sets earlier, so it gets dark sooner.
Key ideas
- Summer has longer days.
- Winter has shorter days.
- The longest day of the year is in June.
- The shortest day of the year is in December.
Method. Think about the season and the length of the day.
- Look at each season. Summer and winter have different day lengths.summer and winter
- Think about daylight. The season with more daylight has longer days.more daylight = longer days
- Write the answer. summer
Check. In summer, it is light in the evening for longer. ✓
Watch out. Summer is when the sun is up for longest, so the days feel longer.
Method. Think about which month is in summer and which is in winter.
- Find June on the calendar. June is in summer.June = summer
- Find December on the calendar. December is in winter.December = winter
- Compare the two days. The shortest day of the year is in winter, in December.December has the shortest day
- Write the answer. December
Check. June has the longest day, and December has the shortest. ✓
Watch out. The longest day is in June, not December.
Method. Think about when it gets dark in winter and in summer.
- Think about winter. In winter, the sun sets early, so the evening is dark soon.winter: early dark
- Think about summer. In summer, the sun sets late, so it is light for longer.summer: late dark
- Write the answer. winter
Check. In winter, it can be dark before tea time. ✓
Watch out. The sun sets later in summer, not earlier.
Watch out
Watch out: day length is not the same as hot or cold. Summer has longer days, but it can still be cool or rainy. Day length is about how long the sun is up, not about the weather.
Exam tip
Grown-up tip. Talk about when it gets dark. Ask: “Is it still light at bedtime in summer?” Never look straight at the Sun, even when it is low in the sky.
Try it at home
- With a grown-up, note the time it gets dark on a few evenings in a row.
- Write the time on a calendar.
- In autumn, check again. Did it get dark earlier?
- Never look straight at the Sun. Watch the sky from a safe place with a grown-up.
Exercise 9F Day length through the year
Method. Think about how long the sun is up in each season.
- Think about summer. In summer, the sun rises early and sets late.early rise, late set
- Think about winter. In winter, the sun rises later and sets earlier.late rise, early set
- Write the answer. summer
Check. Summer has more daylight, so its days are longer. ✓
Watch out. Think about the sun, not the temperature.
Method. Think about how long the sun is up in each season.
- Think about winter. In winter, the sun is up for less time.less daylight
- Think about summer. In summer, the sun is up for more time.more daylight
- Write the answer. winter
Check. Winter has less daylight, so its days are shorter. ✓
Watch out. Shorter days have less daylight.
Method. Think about the month that has the most daylight.
- Look at June. June is in summer, when the days are longest.June: summer
- Look at December. December is in winter, when the days are shortest.December: winter
- Write the answer. June
Check. The longest day of the year is in June. ✓
Watch out. The longest day is in summer, and the shortest day is in winter.
Method. Think about the month that has the least daylight.
- Look at June. June is in summer, when the days are long.June: long days
- Look at December. December is in winter, when the days are short.December: short days
- Write the answer. December
Check. The shortest day of the year is in December. ✓
Watch out. Short days are in winter, not summer.
Method. Think about the time the sun goes down.
- Think about winter. In winter, the sun goes down earlier in the afternoon.winter: earlier
- Think about summer. In summer, the sun goes down later in the evening.summer: later
- Write the answer. True
Check. Winter evenings get dark sooner than summer evenings. ✓
Watch out. Sunset is the time the sun goes down.
Method. Compare the two months.
- Think about June. June is in summer, so June has long days.June: long days
- Think about December. December is in winter, so December has the shortest days.December: short days
- Write the answer. False
Check. June has the longest day of the year. ✓
Watch out. Check which month is in summer and which is in winter.
Method. Think about how late it is light in summer.
- Think about June. June is in summer, when it is light late.June = summer
- Think about the clue. Light at 8 pm means the sun is still up in the evening.light late
- Write the answer. summer
Check. Long summer evenings are light at 8 pm. ✓
Watch out. Light in the evening means the days are long, so it is summer.
Method. Think about how early it gets dark in winter.
- Think about December. December is in winter, when it gets dark early.December = winter
- Think about the clue. Dark by 5 pm means the sun has gone down early.dark early
- Write the answer. winter
Check. Winter evenings get dark early. ✓
Watch out. Dark early in the evening is a sign of winter.
Method. Look at the two arcs and the two suns.
- Look at arc A. Arc A is long and high, so the sun is up for longer.A: long and high
- Look at arc B. Arc B is short and low, so the sun is up for less time.B: short and low
- Write the answer. A
Check. A is the arc with more daylight, so it is summer. ✓
Watch out. The higher, longer arc is the summer day.
Method. Think about when it gets dark in each season.
- Think about summer. In summer, it is light in the evening for longer.summer: later dark
- Think about winter. In winter, the days are shorter, so it gets dark earlier.winter: earlier dark
- Write the answer. No. It gets dark earlier in winter.
Check. Shorter days mean earlier dark. ✓
Watch out. Shorter days mean it gets dark earlier in the evening.
Method. Think about what shorter days mean.
- Think about shorter days. Shorter days have less daylight.less daylight
- Think about the evening. With less daylight, the sun goes down sooner, so it gets dark earlier.dark earlier
- Write the answer. It gets dark earlier in the evening.
Check. Each week in autumn, the dark comes a little earlier. ✓
Watch out. Less daylight means the dark comes sooner.
Method. Make a prediction, then plan a way to check it.
- Make a prediction. In autumn, the days are getting shorter.days getting shorter
- Plan a test. Note the time it gets dark on the same day each week.same day each week
- Write the answer. It will get dark earlier each week. We check the time each week.
Check. Write the times on a calendar to see the change. ✓
Watch out. Check on the same day each week, so you compare like with like.
Chapter summary
| Skill | Method |
|---|---|
| Seasons in order | Spring, summer, autumn, winter, then spring again. |
| Months | Spring: March to May. Summer: June to August. Autumn: September to November. Winter: December to February. |
| Plants | New leaves and flowers in spring, full leaves in summer, leaves fall in autumn, and some trees are bare in winter. |
| Animals | Lambs and frogspawn in spring, swallows fly away in autumn, and hedgehogs sleep through winter. |
| Clothes | Light clothes in summer, warm clothes in winter. |
| Weather | Sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy and snowy, each with a symbol. |
| Recording | Observe the weather, record it each day, and count the days on a chart. |
| Day length | Longer days in summer and shorter days in winter. |
Can you…?
- I can name the four seasons in order
- I can name the months in each season
- I can say how plants and animals change with the seasons
- I can say what clothes to wear in each season
- I can name the five weather types and match them to their symbols
- I can record the weather on a chart and count the days
- I can say that days are longer in summer and shorter in winter
Key terms
- season
- one of the four parts of the year: spring, summer, autumn or winter
- weather
- what the air outside is like, for example sunny or rainy
- symbol
- a simple picture that stands for something
- observe
- to look carefully at something
- record
- to write down what you see
- weather chart
- a chart that shows the weather for each day
- day length
- how long the sun is up in the sky each day
- evergreen
- a tree that keeps its green leaves or needles all year
- hibernate
- to sleep through the cold winter months
Exercise 9Z Check-up
Key words. The seasons of the year are spring, summer, autumn and winter.
Method. The seasons always come in the same order. The season after autumn is the next one in the list.
- Find the season in the list. The list goes spring, summer, autumn, winter.autumn is number 3 of 4
- Move on to the next season. The next season is the one right after it in the list.autumn → winter
- Write the answer. winter
Check. Say the list in order: spring, summer, autumn, winter. After autumn comes winter. ✓
Watch out. After winter comes spring again, because the seasons go round in a circle.
Key words. A season is one of the four parts of the year.
Method. Each season has three months next to each other. Find the three months of autumn.
- Find the season. We want the months of autumn.Autumn
- Find its three months on the calendar. Each season has three months in a row.September, October, November
- Write the answer. September, October, November
Check. There are 3 months in autumn, and you can count them: September, October, November. ✓
Watch out. Read the months on a calendar, one after another. Do not add a month from another season.
Method. Find the month on the calendar, then find the season that has that month.
- Find the month on the calendar. The months go in order from January.July is month number 7
- Find the season with that month. Each season has three months.July is in summer
- Write the answer. summer
Check. The months of summer are June, July, August. July is one of them. ✓
Watch out. Check the months either side of it, so you know its season.
Method. Think about which tree is bare in winter.
- Think about oak. An oak tree loses its leaves in autumn.oak loses leaves
- Think about holly. Holly is evergreen and keeps its green leaves.holly keeps leaves
- Write the answer. oak
Check. In winter, an oak is bare and a holly is green. ✓
Watch out. Evergreen trees keep their green leaves all year.
Method. Think about the early months of the year.
- Think about babies. Many lambs are born in the early months of the year.early months
- Find the season. The early months of the year are spring.spring
- Write the answer. spring
Check. A lamb grows into a sheep. ✓
Watch out. Lambs are not usually born in winter or summer.
Method. Think about which animal sleeps in winter.
- Think about the hedgehog. A hedgehog hibernates and sleeps through winter.hedgehog hibernates
- Think about the swallow. A swallow flies away to warmer places in autumn.swallow flies away
- Write the answer. hedgehog
Check. Hibernating means sleeping through the cold months. ✓
Watch out. A swallow is away in winter, but it is not asleep.
Method. Think about which clothes keep you warm.
- Think about the coat. A coat is thick and keeps you warm.coat is warm
- Think about shorts. Shorts are light and are for warm weather.shorts are light
- Write the answer. coat
Check. Wear shorts on a cold day, and you will feel the cold. ✓
Watch out. Warm clothes are for cold days.
Key words. A symbol is a simple picture that stands for something.
Method. Look at the symbol, then think about what it shows.
- Look at the symbol. Each symbol shows one kind of weather.a cloud with raindrops falling
- Match it to a weather word. The five weather words are sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy and snowy.a cloud with raindrops falling is rainy
- Write the answer. rainy
Check. Say the weather word out loud: rainy. Does it fit the symbol? ✓
Watch out. Raindrops falling from a cloud mean rainy weather. Look for the drops.
Method. Add the two numbers together.
- Find the sunny days. Ravi counted 3 sunny days.3 sunny
- Find the cloudy days. Ravi counted 4 cloudy days.4 cloudy
- Add them together. Add the two numbers to find the total days.3 + 4 = 7
Check. Count on from 4: 5, 6, 7. ✓
Watch out. Add the two numbers. Do not write them next to each other.
Method. Think about the season of each month.
- Look at December. December is in winter, when the days are shortest.December: winter
- Look at June. June is in summer, when the days are longest.June: summer
- Write the answer. June
Check. The longest day of the year is in June. ✓
Watch out. Summer has the longest days.
Total 14 marks. Allow about 14 minutes.
Exercise 9X End-of-chapter quiz
Method. Count the months in summer.
- Name the months of summer. Summer is June, July and August.June, July, August
- Count them. Count each month once.1, 2, 3
- Write the answer. 3
Check. Each season has three months. ✓
Watch out. Summer has three months, like every other season.
Key words. The seasons of the year are spring, summer, autumn and winter.
Method. The seasons always come in the same order. The season after spring is the next one in the list.
- Find the season in the list. The list goes spring, summer, autumn, winter.spring is number 1 of 4
- Move on to the next season. The next season is the one right after it in the list.spring → summer
- Write the answer. summer
Check. Say the list in order: spring, summer, autumn, winter. After spring comes summer. ✓
Watch out. After winter comes spring again, because the seasons go round in a circle.
Method. Think about when leaves fall.
- Think about falling leaves. Many trees lose their leaves when the leaves turn yellow or brown.leaves turn and fall
- Find the season. Leaves turn and fall in autumn.autumn
- Write the answer. autumn
Check. In winter, the trees are bare. ✓
Watch out. Spring is when the new leaves come, not when they fall.
Key words. A season is one of the four parts of the year.
Method. Each season has three months next to each other. Find the three months of summer.
- Find the season. We want the months of summer.Summer
- Find its three months on the calendar. Each season has three months in a row.June, July, August
- Write the answer. June, July, August
Check. There are 3 months in summer, and you can count them: June, July, August. ✓
Watch out. Read the months on a calendar, one after another. Do not add a month from another season.
Key words. A symbol is a simple picture that stands for something.
Method. Look at the symbol, then think about what it shows.
- Look at the symbol. Each symbol shows one kind of weather.lines with arrows, showing moving air
- Match it to a weather word. The five weather words are sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy and snowy.lines with arrows, showing moving air is windy
- Write the answer. windy
Check. Say the weather word out loud: windy. Does it fit the symbol? ✓
Watch out. Lines with arrows show the air moving, so it is windy weather.
Method. Think about when the sun is up for the longest time.
- Think about summer. In summer, the sun rises early and sets late.early rise, late set
- Think about winter. In winter, the days are shorter.winter: shorter
- Write the answer. summer
Check. Summer has more daylight. ✓
Watch out. Summer days are longer, winter days are shorter.
Method. Think about which tree is evergreen.
- Think about sycamore. A sycamore loses its leaves in autumn.sycamore loses leaves
- Think about holly. Holly is evergreen and keeps its green leaves.holly is evergreen
- Write the answer. holly
Check. In winter, holly is still green. ✓
Watch out. Evergreen trees keep their leaves all year.
Method. Add the three numbers together.
- Find the numbers. Windy 2, rainy 3, sunny 2.2, 3, 2
- Add them together. Add all three numbers.2 + 3 + 2 = 7
- Write the answer. 7 days
Check. Count on from 3: 4, 5, 6, 7. ✓
Watch out. Add all three numbers, and do not leave any out.
Method. Think about winter and what a coat does.
- Think about winter. In winter, the weather is cold.cold winter
- Think about a coat. A coat keeps the cold air off us and holds our warmth in.coat keeps us warm
- Write the answer. Winter is cold, so a coat keeps us warm.
Check. Think about a summer day, when a coat would be too hot. ✓
Watch out. Give a reason, using the word because.
Method. Think about what dark early means.
- Think about dark early. Dark early means the day is shorter, not longer.dark early = shorter day
- Think about winter. Winter days are shorter, so the sun goes down sooner.shorter days
- Write the answer. No. It gets dark early in winter because the days are shorter.
Check. Summer evenings are light until later. ✓
Watch out. Dark early means the day is short.