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Step-by-step practice: Maths · Level 2Chapter 8 · Money
Level 2 · Chapter 8

Money

By the end of this chapter you will be able to

  • Name coins and notes and know their values
  • Count coins and say the total
  • Write amounts in pence and pounds
  • Find different ways to make an amount
  • Find change

You should already know

  • Counting to 100 (Level 2, Chapter 1)
  • Adding and subtracting within 100 (Chapter 7)

Where this leads

  • Time (Chapter 9)
  • Money with larger amounts (Level 3)

Step-by-step practice: maths (Level 2). Small steps, repeated until fluent. Content: Recognise and name coins (1p, 2p, 5p, 10p, 20p, 50p, £1, £2) and notes (£5, £10, £20), Know the value of each coin and note, Count a set of coins and say the total in pence or pounds, Change between pence and pounds, for example 135p is £1.35, Find two or more ways to make the same amount, Find the change from 10p, 20p and £1 in simple shop problems.

Exercise P  Do you remember?

Non-calculator
1
FWhat is the value of this coin? Write it in pence or pounds.
10p
2
FCount the coins. What is the total? (10p, 5p, 1p)
10p5p1p
3
FHow many pence is £2.50?
4
FHow many 5p coins make 20p?
5
PSA pencil costs 12p. I pay with 20p. How much change do I get?
8.1

Coins and their values

Level 2
Recognise and name coins and notes, Know the value of each coin and note
Video lesson: Coins and their valuesComing soon

In the UK we use pence (p) and pounds (£). There are 100 pence in one pound.

The coins are 1p, 2p, 5p, 10p, 20p, 50p, £1 and £2. The notes are £5, £10 and £20.

1p2p5p10p20p50p£1£2
The coins: 1p, 2p, 5p, 10p, 20p, 50p, £1 and £2.
£5£10£20
The notes: £5, £10 and £20.

Key ideas

  • 100p is £1.
  • Read the label on each coin to find its value.
  • Notes are always worth pounds.
Worked example 8.1.1
What is the value of this coin? Write it in pence or pounds.

Method. Read the label on the coin. The label tells you its value.

  1. Look at the coin. Each coin has its value written on it.
    20p
  2. Read the value. Say the value out loud.
    20p
  3. Write the answer.
    20p

Check. Check the coin list: 20p is the value of this coin.

Watch out. A 1p coin is 1 penny. A £1 coin is worth 100p.

Worked example 8.1.2
What is the value of this coin? Write it in pence or pounds.

Method. Read the label on the coin. The label tells you its value.

  1. Look at the coin. Each coin has its value written on it.
    £2
  2. Read the value. Say the value out loud.
    £2
  3. Write the answer.
    £2

Check. Check the coin list: £2 is the value of this coin.

Watch out. A 1p coin is 1 penny. A £1 coin is worth 100p.

Worked example 8.1.3
Which coin is worth more: 50p or 20p?

Method. Compare the two values. The coin with more pence is worth more.

  1. Write the value of each coin in pence. 50p and 20p.
    50p and 20p
  2. Compare the two numbers of pence. The bigger number of pence is worth more.
    50 and 20
  3. Choose the coin that is worth more.
    50p

Check. 50p is 50p and the other coin is 20p.

Watch out. Use pence to compare. 50p is more than 20p.

Watch out

Watch out. A 50p coin is worth more than a 20p coin, even though 20 looks like a bigger number on some coins.

Exam tip

Grown-up tip. Lay out real coins and ask the child to read each label. Practise saying “twenty pence” and “one pound”.

Exercise 8A  Practice: coins and their values

Non-calculator
1
FWhat is the value of this coin? Write it in pence or pounds.
5p
2
FWhich coin is worth more: 1p or 20p?
1p20p
3
FWhich coin is worth more: 5p or 10p?
5p10p
4
FWhich coin is worth more: £1 or 1p?
£11p
5
FWhich coin is worth more: 50p or £1?
50p£1
6
FWhich coin is worth more: 5p or 20p?
5p20p
7
FWhich coin is worth more: £2 or 5p?
£25p
8
FWhich coin is worth more: £2 or £1?
£2£1
9
FWhich coin is worth more: £1 or 5p?
£15p
10
FWhich coin is worth more: £2 or 20p?
£220p
11
FWhich coin is worth more: 10p or £2?
10p£2
12
FWhich coin is worth more: 2p or 5p?
2p5p
13
FWhich coin is worth more: £1 or 2p?
£12p
14
FWhich coin is worth more: 5p or 50p?
5p50p
15
FWhich coin is worth more: £2 or 50p?
£250p
16
FWhich coin is worth more: 20p or 50p?
20p50p
8.2

Counting coins to find the total

Level 2
Count a set of coins and say the total in pence or pounds
Video lesson: Counting coins to find the totalComing soon

To find the total, start with the biggest coin. Add each coin in turn and keep a running total.

Say the total in pence if it is less than £1. Say it in pounds if it is £1 or more.

20p20p5p2p
Two 20p coins, a 5p coin and a 2p coin.

Key ideas

  • Start with the biggest coin.
  • Keep a running total.
  • Less than £1 is in pence.
Worked example 8.2.1
Count the coins. What is the total? (20p, 20p, 5p, 2p)

Method. Add the coins one at a time. Keep a running total.

  1. Add 20p. Keep a running total: 20p.
    20p
  2. Add 20p. Keep a running total: 40p.
    40p
  3. Add 5p. Keep a running total: 45p.
    45p
  4. Add 2p. Keep a running total: 47p.
    47p
  5. Write the total. This is the value of all the coins.
    47p

Check. Add in a different order to check: the total is still 47p.

Watch out. Count the biggest coins first. Then add the smaller coins.

Worked example 8.2.2
Count the coins. What is the total? (50p, 10p, 10p, 2p, 1p)

Method. Add the coins one at a time. Keep a running total.

  1. Add 50p. Keep a running total: 50p.
    50p
  2. Add 10p. Keep a running total: 60p.
    60p
  3. Add 10p. Keep a running total: 70p.
    70p
  4. Add 2p. Keep a running total: 72p.
    72p
  5. Add 1p. Keep a running total: 73p.
    73p
  6. Write the total. This is the value of all the coins.
    73p

Check. Add in a different order to check: the total is still 73p.

Watch out. Count the biggest coins first. Then add the smaller coins.

Worked example 8.2.3
Count the coins. What is the total? (£1, 50p, 20p, 5p)

Method. Add the coins one at a time. Keep a running total.

  1. Add £1. Keep a running total: £1.
    £1
  2. Add 50p. Keep a running total: £1.50.
    £1.50
  3. Add 20p. Keep a running total: £1.70.
    £1.70
  4. Add 5p. Keep a running total: £1.75.
    £1.75
  5. Write the total. This is the value of all the coins.
    £1.75

Check. Add in a different order to check: the total is still £1.75.

Watch out. Count the biggest coins first. Then add the smaller coins.

Watch out

Watch out. Do not add the numbers on the coins in the wrong order. Start with the biggest coin and keep the running total.

Exam tip

Grown-up tip. Use real coins. Put them in a row and count along it, saying the running total.

Exercise 8B  Practice: counting coins

Non-calculator
1
FCount the coins. What is the total? (5p, 5p, 1p)
5p5p1p
2
FCount the coins. What is the total? (50p, 50p, 20p, 10p, 2p)
50p50p20p10p2p
3
FCount the coins. What is the total? (20p, 10p, 1p)
20p10p1p
4
FCount the coins. What is the total? (20p, 20p, 5p, 2p)
20p20p5p2p
5
FCount the coins. What is the total? (£1, £1, 20p, 10p, 1p)
£1£120p10p1p
6
FCount the coins. What is the total? (10p, 5p, 2p)
10p5p2p
7
FCount the coins. What is the total? (£1, 50p, 5p, 1p)
£150p5p1p
8
FCount the coins. What is the total? (50p, 10p, 2p)
50p10p2p
9
FCount the coins. What is the total? (50p, 50p, 5p, 1p)
50p50p5p1p
10
FCount the coins. What is the total? (50p, 2p, 2p)
50p2p2p
11
FCount the coins. What is the total? (20p, 5p, 5p)
20p5p5p
12
FCount the coins. What is the total? (50p, 10p, 2p, 1p)
50p10p2p1p
13
FCount the coins. What is the total? (£1, 20p, 10p, 10p, 5p)
£120p10p10p5p
14
FCount the coins. What is the total? (50p, 20p, 5p, 2p)
50p20p5p2p
15
FCount the coins. What is the total? (50p, 5p, 2p, 1p)
50p5p2p1p
16
FCount the coins. What is the total? (50p, 5p, 2p, 2p)
50p5p2p2p
8.3

Pounds and pence

Level 2
Change between pence and pounds, for example 135p is £1.35
Video lesson: Pounds and penceComing soon

An amount with a £ sign is in pounds. The pounds come first and the pence come after a point.

£1.35 is one pound and 35 pence. That is 135p, because 100p + 35p = 135p.

Key ideas

  • 100p is £1.
  • Pounds come first, then the pence after a point.
  • Pence always have two digits, like £2.05.
Worked example 8.3.1
How many pence is £1.35?

Method. There are 100 pence in one pound. Change the pounds to pence, then add the pence.

  1. Change the 1 pound to pence. One pound is 100 pence.
    1 x 100 = 100
  2. Add the pence. Add the pence that are left over.
    100 + 35 = 135
  3. Write the answer. The total is in pence.
    135p

Check. 135p is 1 pounds and 35 pence.

Watch out. Do not write £1.35 as 135p in the wrong order. The pounds come first.

Worked example 8.3.2
Write 205p in pounds and pence.

Method. 100p is one pound. Write the pounds first, then the pence.

  1. Find the pounds. Every 100p is one pound.
    205p has 2 pounds
  2. Find the pence left over. These are the pence that are not in pounds.
    5p left over
  3. Write it with a pound sign and a point. Pence after the point have two digits.
    £2.05

Check. 205 pence is 2 pounds and 5 pence.

Watch out. Always write two digits after the point for pence: £2.05, not £2.5.

Worked example 8.3.3
Write 340p in pounds and pence.

Method. 100p is one pound. Write the pounds first, then the pence.

  1. Find the pounds. Every 100p is one pound.
    340p has 3 pounds
  2. Find the pence left over. These are the pence that are not in pounds.
    40p left over
  3. Write it with a pound sign and a point. Pence after the point have two digits.
    £3.40

Check. 340 pence is 3 pounds and 40 pence.

Watch out. Always write two digits after the point for pence: £2.05, not £2.5.

Watch out

Watch out. £2.05 is 205p, not 25p. The 0 after the point is important.

Exam tip

Grown-up tip. Use a purse with £1 coins and 10p coins. Ask: “How many pence is that?”

Exercise 8C  Practice: pounds and pence

Non-calculator
1
FWrite 493p in pounds and pence.
2
FWrite 218p in pounds and pence.
3
FWrite 135p in pounds and pence.
4
FHow many pence is £3.16?
5
FWrite 412p in pounds and pence.
6
FWrite 243p in pounds and pence.
7
FWrite 293p in pounds and pence.
8
FHow many pence is £3.45?
9
FHow many pence is £3.32?
10
FHow many pence is £1.13?
11
FWrite 145p in pounds and pence.
12
FHow many pence is £2.18?
13
FWrite 239p in pounds and pence.
14
FHow many pence is £4.54?
15
FWrite 183p in pounds and pence.
16
FWrite 110p in pounds and pence.
8.4

Different ways to make the same amount

Level 2
Find two or more ways to make the same amount
Video lesson: Different ways to make the same amountComing soon

The same amount can be made from different coins.

For example, 10p can be made from one 10p coin, or from two 5p coins, or from five 2p coins.

10p
One 10p coin.
5p5p
Two 5p coins. Both make 10p.

Key ideas

  • Different coins can make the same amount.
  • Check that each way adds up to the amount.
  • Use different coins each time.
Worked example 8.4.1
Show two different ways to make 20p with coins.

Method. Use different coins each time. Check that each way adds up to the total.

  1. Start with the biggest coin that fits. Big coins make fewer coins.
    20p = 20p
  2. Find a different way. Use other coins that still make the total.
    10p + 10p = 20p
  3. Write the two ways. Both ways make the same amount.
    Accept any two different ways, such as 20p or 10p + 10p

Check. Add each set of coins to check: both make 20p.

Watch out. The coins must be different, not just the same coins in a different order.

Worked example 8.4.2
How many 2p coins make 10p?

Method. Count how many 2p are in 10p. Divide the total by the coin.

  1. Look at one 2p coin. Each coin is 2p.
    2p
  2. Count the coins needed. Add 2p again until you reach 10p.
    10 / 2 = 5
  3. Write the answer.
    5

Check. 5 x 2 = 10. It works.

Watch out. Count the coins in steps of the coin value, for example 2, 4, 6, 8, 10.

Worked example 8.4.3
Show two different ways to make 10p with coins.

Method. Use different coins each time. Check that each way adds up to the total.

  1. Start with the biggest coin that fits. Big coins make fewer coins.
    10p = 10p
  2. Find a different way. Use other coins that still make the total.
    5p + 5p = 10p
  3. Write the two ways. Both ways make the same amount.
    Accept any two different ways, such as 10p or 5p + 5p

Check. Add each set of coins to check: both make 10p.

Watch out. The coins must be different, not just the same coins in a different order.

Watch out

Watch out. 5p + 2p + 2p + 1p and 2p + 5p + 1p + 2p use the same coins, so they are one way. Write each way once.

Exam tip

Grown-up tip. Ask: “Can you make 20p another way?” Use real coins to try ideas.

Exercise 8D  Practice: ways to make an amount

Non-calculator
1
PSShow two different ways to make 12p with coins.
2
PSShow two different ways to make 10p with coins.
3
FHow many 10p coins make 50p?
4
PSShow two different ways to make 15p with coins.
5
FHow many 5p coins make 30p?
6
FHow many 1p coins make 6p?
7
FHow many 5p coins make 45p?
8
FHow many 1p coins make 3p?
9
FHow many 10p coins make 20p?
10
FHow many 5p coins make 40p?
11
PSShow two different ways to make 20p with coins.
12
PSShow two different ways to make 5p with coins.
13
FHow many 5p coins make 35p?
14
FHow many 5p coins make 15p?
15
FHow many 5p coins make 20p?
16
FHow many 2p coins make 20p?
8.5

Finding the change

Level 2
Find the change from 10p, 20p and £1 in simple shop problems
Video lesson: Finding the changeComing soon

When you pay more than the price, you get change back.

Count on from the price to the amount you paid. The money you count on is the change.

Key ideas

  • Change is the money you get back.
  • Count on from the price to the amount paid.
  • Check: price + change = amount paid.
Worked example 8.5.1
A pack of cards costs 35p. I pay with 50p. How much change do I get?

Method. Count on from the price to the amount paid. The steps you count are the change.

  1. Start at the price, 35p. That is what the item costs.
    35p
  2. Count on to 50p. The steps you count are the change.
    35p + 15p = 50p
  3. Write the change. This is the money you get back.
    15p

Check. 35p and 15p together make 50p.

Watch out. Change is the money you get back, not the price of the item.

Worked example 8.5.2
A sticker costs 45p. I pay with £1. How much change do I get?

Method. Count on from the price to the amount paid. The steps you count are the change.

  1. Start at the price, 45p. That is what the item costs.
    45p
  2. Count on to £1. The steps you count are the change.
    45p + 55p = £1
  3. Write the change. This is the money you get back.
    55p

Check. 45p and 55p together make £1.

Watch out. Change is the money you get back, not the price of the item.

Worked example 8.5.3
A pencil costs 12p. I pay with 20p. How much change do I get?

Method. Count on from the price to the amount paid. The steps you count are the change.

  1. Start at the price, 12p. That is what the item costs.
    12p
  2. Count on to 20p. The steps you count are the change.
    12p + 8p = 20p
  3. Write the change. This is the money you get back.
    8p

Check. 12p and 8p together make 20p.

Watch out. Change is the money you get back, not the price of the item.

Watch out

Watch out. Change is not the price. If it costs 35p and you pay 50p, the change is 15p, not 35p.

Exam tip

Grown-up tip. Play shop with real coins. One person buys, the other gives the change by counting on.

Exercise 8E  Practice: finding change

Non-calculator
1
PSA pencil costs 46p. I pay with 50p. How much change do I get?
2
PSA apple costs 47p. I pay with £2. How much change do I get?
3
PSA rubber costs 10p. I pay with 50p. How much change do I get?
4
PSA bun costs 8p. I pay with 50p. How much change do I get?
5
PSA apple costs 13p. I pay with 50p. How much change do I get?
6
PSA juice carton costs 15p. I pay with 20p. How much change do I get?
7
PSA juice carton costs £1.15. I pay with £2. How much change do I get?
8
PSA notepad costs 70p. I pay with £2. How much change do I get?
9
PSA sticker costs 5p. I pay with 20p. How much change do I get?
10
PSA notepad costs 20p. I pay with 50p. How much change do I get?
11
PSA pack of cards costs 85p. I pay with £2. How much change do I get?
12
PSA pack of cards costs 27p. I pay with 50p. How much change do I get?
13
PSA rubber costs 32p. I pay with £1. How much change do I get?
14
PSA rubber costs £1.40. I pay with £2. How much change do I get?
15
PSA sticker costs 47p. I pay with 50p. How much change do I get?
16
PSA sticker costs 85p. I pay with £1. How much change do I get?

Chapter summary

SkillMethod
Coins and notesRead the label; 100p is £1
Counting coinsStart with the biggest coin; keep a running total
Pounds and pencePounds first, then pence after a point, with two digits
Ways to make an amountUse different coins; check the total each time
ChangeCount on from the price to the amount paid

Can you…?

  • I can name the coins and notes and say what each is worth
  • I can count coins and say the total in pence or pounds
  • I can change between pence and pounds
  • I can find two different ways to make the same amount
  • I can find the change from 10p, 20p and £1

Key terms

pence
the smaller money unit: 100 pence make £1
pound
the money unit shown by the £ sign
coin
a piece of metal money with a value on it
change
the money you get back when you pay more than the price

Exercise 8Z  Check-up

Non-calculator
1
How many 2p coins make 6p?
2
A sticker costs 45p. I pay with £1. How much change do I get?
3
Which coin is worth more: £1 or 50p?
£150p
4
Which coin is worth more: 20p or 2p?
20p2p
5
Which coin is worth more: 2p or £1?
2p£1
6
Count the coins. What is the total? (20p, 20p, 5p, 5p, 5p)
20p20p5p5p5p
7
How many pence is £3.36?
8
Write 427p in pounds and pence.
9
A apple costs 39p. I pay with £2. How much change do I get?
10
Show two different ways to make 10p with coins.

Total 19 marks. Allow about 19 minutes.

Exercise 8X  Practice test questions

Non-calculator
1
FCount the coins. What is the total? (£1, 50p, 10p, 5p, 1p)[1 mark]
£150p10p5p1p
2
FWhich coin is worth more: £1 or 2p?[1 mark]
£12p
3
PSShow two different ways to make 5p with coins.[1 mark]
4
FWhat is the value of this coin? Write it in pence or pounds.[1 mark]
1p
5
FWhich coin is worth more: 5p or 1p?[2 marks]
5p1p
6
FWrite 294p in pounds and pence.[2 marks]
7
PSA juice carton costs 15p. I pay with 20p. How much change do I get?[2 marks]
8
PSShow two different ways to make 10p with coins.[3 marks]
9
PSA rubber costs 18p. I pay with 50p. How much change do I get?[3 marks]
10
FWhich coin is worth more: 1p or 10p?[3 marks]
1p10p
← Chapter 7: Adding and subtracting within 100Chapter 9: Time →

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