Year 4: Tables and two-way tables
Part of the Year 4 pictograms, bar charts and time graphs chapter. Chapter overview · whole chapter on one page · Download worksheet (PDF) · Answers (PDF)
Tables and two-way tables
A table is a neat way to show information in rows and columns. A row goes across. A column goes down. This table shows what the school shop sold. To find the number of rubbers sold on Wednesday, find the rubbers row and the Wed column, and look where they meet.
| Item sold | Mon | Tue | Wed | Thu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pencils | 12 | 15 | 9 | 14 |
| Rubbers | 6 | 8 | 10 | 4 |
| Rulers | 5 | 7 | 3 | 9 |
A two-way table shows two things at once. This one shows whether a pupil is a boy or a girl, and how they travel to school. It also has totals. The last number in each row is the total for that row. The last number in each column is the total for that column. The number in the bottom corner is the grand total: the number of pupils altogether.
| Travel to school | Walk | Bus | Car | Cycle | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys | 8 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 23 |
| Girls | 7 | 9 | 3 | 5 | 24 |
| Total | 15 | 15 | 8 | 9 | 47 |
Missing numbers. The numbers in a row add up to the total of the row. The numbers in a column add up to the total of the column. So if a number is missing, add the numbers you know and take the answer away from the total.
Key ideas
- A row goes across. A column goes down. To read a number, find the right row and the right column.
- A total is all the numbers in a row or column added together.
- In a two-way table the bottom-right number is the grand total.
- To find a missing number: total − the numbers you know.
| Item sold | Mon | Tue | Wed | Thu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pencils | 12 | 15 | 9 | 14 |
| Rubbers | 6 | 8 | 10 | 4 |
| Rulers | 5 | 7 | 3 | 9 |
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Find the right row and the right column. The answer is the number where they meet.
- Find the row. Look down the left-hand side for Pencils.Row: Pencils
- Find the column. Look along the top for Tue.Column: Tue
- Find where the row and column meet. The number in that box is the answer.Pencils and Tue: 15
Item sold Mon Tue Wed Thu Pencils 12 15 9 14 Rubbers 6 8 10 4 Rulers 5 7 3 9
Check. Look again: row Pencils, column Tue, number 15. ✓
Watch out. Make sure you use the right row and the right column.
| Item sold | Mon | Tue | Wed | Thu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pencils | 12 | 15 | 9 | 14 |
| Rubbers | 6 | 8 | 10 | 4 |
| Rulers | 5 | 7 | 3 | 9 |
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Add all the numbers in the row for Rubbers.
- Find the row. Look for Rubbers on the left.
Item sold Mon Tue Wed Thu Pencils 12 15 9 14 Rubbers 6 8 10 4 Rulers 5 7 3 9 - Add the numbers in the row. Altogether means add.6 + 8 + 10 + 4 = 28
- Write the answer. 28 items
Check. Add backwards: 4 + 10 + 8 + 6 = 28. ✓
Watch out. Add every number in the row. Do not miss one.
| Item sold | Mon | Tue | Wed | Thu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pencils | 12 | 15 | 9 | 14 |
| Rubbers | 6 | 8 | 10 | 4 |
| Rulers | 5 | 7 | 3 | 9 |
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Add all the numbers in the column for Thu.
- Find the column. Look for Thu along the top.
Item sold Mon Tue Wed Thu Pencils 12 15 9 14 Rubbers 6 8 10 4 Rulers 5 7 3 9 - Add the numbers in the column. Altogether means add.14 + 4 + 9 = 27
- Write the answer. 27 items
Check. Add backwards: 9 + 4 + 14 = 27. ✓
Watch out. Add every number in the column.
| Item sold | Mon | Tue | Wed | Thu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pencils | 12 | 15 | 9 | 14 |
| Rubbers | 6 | 8 | 10 | 4 |
| Rulers | 5 | 7 | 3 | 9 |
Key words. The difference between two numbers is how much bigger one is than the other. We find it by subtracting. “How many more” and “how many fewer” questions are difference questions. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Read both numbers from the table, then subtract the smaller from the bigger.
- Find the first number. Pencils and Mon.12
- Find the second number. Rulers and Mon.5
Item sold Mon Tue Wed Thu Pencils 12 15 9 14 Rubbers 6 8 10 4 Rulers 5 7 3 9 - Subtract. The difference is the bigger number minus the smaller number.12 − 5 = 7
Check. 5 + 7 = 12. ✓
Watch out. Subtract: do not add.
| Travel to school | Walk | Bus | Car | Cycle | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys | 8 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 23 |
| Girls | 7 | 9 | 3 | 5 | 24 |
| Total | 15 | 15 | 8 | 9 | 47 |
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Find the right row and the right column. The answer is the number where they meet.
- Find the row. Look down the left-hand side for Boys.Row: Boys
- Find the column. Look along the top for Cycle.Column: Cycle
- Find where the row and column meet. The number in that box is the answer.Boys and Cycle: 4
Travel to school Walk Bus Car Cycle Total Boys 8 6 5 4 23 Girls 7 9 3 5 24 Total 15 15 8 9 47
Check. Look again: row Boys, column Cycle, number 4. ✓
Watch out. Make sure you use the right row and the right column.
| Travel to school | Walk | Bus | Car | Cycle |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys | 8 | 6 | 5 | 4 |
| Girls | 7 | 9 | 3 | 5 |
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Add all the numbers in the row for Girls.
- Find the row. Look for Girls on the left.
Travel to school Walk Bus Car Cycle Boys 8 6 5 4 Girls 7 9 3 5 - Add the numbers in the row. Altogether means add.7 + 9 + 3 + 5 = 24
- Write the answer. 24 pupils
Check. Add backwards: 5 + 3 + 9 + 7 = 24. ✓
Watch out. Add every number in the row. Do not miss one.
| Travel to school | Walk | Bus | Car | Cycle | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys | 8 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 23 |
| Girls | 7 | ? | 3 | 5 | 24 |
| Total | 15 | 15 | 8 | 9 | 47 |
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. The numbers in a row (or column) add up to its total. Add the numbers you know, then subtract from the total.
- Look at the row or column with the missing number. We use the row for Girls. It has a total.
Travel to school Walk Bus Car Cycle Total Boys 8 6 5 4 23 Girls 7 ? 3 5 24 Total 15 15 8 9 47 - Add the numbers we know. The missing number is the part of the total that is left.7 + 3 + 5 = 15
- Subtract from the total. Total minus the known parts leaves the missing part.24 − 15 = 9
Check. 7 + 3 + 5 + 9 = 24. ✓
Watch out. Use subtraction to find the missing number.
| Club | Swimming | Chess | Choir | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year 3 | 9 | ? | 12 | 27 |
| Year 4 | 11 | 8 | ? | 26 |
| Total | 20 | 14 | ? | 53 |
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Use the totals. For a blank number: total minus the numbers you know. For a blank total: add the numbers.
- Look for a row or column with only one blank. We can find that blank using the total of that row or column.
Club Swimming Chess Choir Total Year 3 9 ? 12 27 Year 4 11 8 ? 26 Total 20 14 ? 53 - Work out each blank. For a blank number, take the numbers you know away from the total. For a blank total, add the numbers.Year 3, Chess: 27 − 9 + 12 = 6
Year 4, Choir: 26 − 11 + 8 = 7
Total for Choir: 12 + 7 = 19 - Write the completed table. Check that every row and column adds up.
Club Swimming Chess Choir Total Year 3 9 6 12 27 Year 4 11 8 7 26 Total 20 14 19 53
Check. The rows add up to the grand total, 53, and so do the columns. ✓
Watch out. Check across and down: both must add up.
Watch out
Make sure you use the right row and the right column. Put a finger on the row and a finger on the column, and bring them together. And do not mix up a total with a number inside the table.Exercise 11E Tables and two-way tables
Non-calculator| Item sold | Mon | Tue | Wed | Thu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pencils | 12 | 15 | 9 | 14 |
| Rubbers | 6 | 8 | 10 | 4 |
| Rulers | 5 | 7 | 3 | 9 |
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Find the right row and the right column. The answer is the number where they meet.
- Find the row. Look down the left-hand side for Pencils.Row: Pencils
- Find the column. Look along the top for Wed.Column: Wed
- Find where the row and column meet. The number in that box is the answer.Pencils and Wed: 9
Item sold Mon Tue Wed Thu Pencils 12 15 9 14 Rubbers 6 8 10 4 Rulers 5 7 3 9
Check. Look again: row Pencils, column Wed, number 9. ✓
Watch out. Make sure you use the right row and the right column.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Find the right row and the right column. The answer is the number where they meet.
- Find the row. Look down the left-hand side for Rubbers.Row: Rubbers
- Find the column. Look along the top for Tue.Column: Tue
- Find where the row and column meet. The number in that box is the answer.Rubbers and Tue: 8
Item sold Mon Tue Wed Thu Pencils 12 15 9 14 Rubbers 6 8 10 4 Rulers 5 7 3 9
Check. Look again: row Rubbers, column Tue, number 8. ✓
Watch out. Make sure you use the right row and the right column.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Find the right row and the right column. The answer is the number where they meet.
- Find the row. Look down the left-hand side for Rulers.Row: Rulers
- Find the column. Look along the top for Thu.Column: Thu
- Find where the row and column meet. The number in that box is the answer.Rulers and Thu: 9
Item sold Mon Tue Wed Thu Pencils 12 15 9 14 Rubbers 6 8 10 4 Rulers 5 7 3 9
Check. Look again: row Rulers, column Thu, number 9. ✓
Watch out. Make sure you use the right row and the right column.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Look along the pencils row for 14.
- Find the pencils row. We only need to look along this row.
Item sold Mon Tue Wed Thu Pencils 12 15 9 14 Rubbers 6 8 10 4 Rulers 5 7 3 9 - Look for 14. Read the numbers in the row until you find 14.12, 15, 9, 14
- Go up to the day. Look at the top of that column.The column is Thu.
Check. Pencils on Thursday = 14. ✓
Watch out. Stay in the pencils row.
| Item sold | Mon | Tue | Wed | Thu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pencils | 12 | 15 | 9 | 14 |
| Rubbers | 6 | 8 | 10 | 4 |
| Rulers | 5 | 7 | 3 | 9 |
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Add all the numbers in the row for Pencils.
- Find the row. Look for Pencils on the left.
Item sold Mon Tue Wed Thu Pencils 12 15 9 14 Rubbers 6 8 10 4 Rulers 5 7 3 9 - Add the numbers in the row. Altogether means add.12 + 15 + 9 + 14 = 50
- Write the answer. 50 items
Check. Add backwards: 14 + 9 + 15 + 12 = 50. ✓
Watch out. Add every number in the row. Do not miss one.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Add all the numbers in the row for Rulers.
- Find the row. Look for Rulers on the left.
Item sold Mon Tue Wed Thu Pencils 12 15 9 14 Rubbers 6 8 10 4 Rulers 5 7 3 9 - Add the numbers in the row. Altogether means add.5 + 7 + 3 + 9 = 24
- Write the answer. 24 items
Check. Add backwards: 9 + 3 + 7 + 5 = 24. ✓
Watch out. Add every number in the row. Do not miss one.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Add all the numbers in the column for Tue.
- Find the column. Look for Tue along the top.
Item sold Mon Tue Wed Thu Pencils 12 15 9 14 Rubbers 6 8 10 4 Rulers 5 7 3 9 - Add the numbers in the column. Altogether means add.15 + 8 + 7 = 30
- Write the answer. 30 items
Check. Add backwards: 7 + 8 + 15 = 30. ✓
Watch out. Add every number in the column.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Add all the numbers in the column for Wed.
- Find the column. Look for Wed along the top.
Item sold Mon Tue Wed Thu Pencils 12 15 9 14 Rubbers 6 8 10 4 Rulers 5 7 3 9 - Add the numbers in the column. Altogether means add.9 + 10 + 3 = 22
- Write the answer. 22 items
Check. Add backwards: 3 + 10 + 9 = 22. ✓
Watch out. Add every number in the column.
| Item sold | Mon | Tue | Wed | Thu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pencils | 12 | 15 | 9 | 14 |
| Rubbers | 6 | 8 | 10 | 4 |
| Rulers | 5 | 7 | 3 | 9 |
Key words. The difference between two numbers is how much bigger one is than the other. We find it by subtracting. “How many more” and “how many fewer” questions are difference questions. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Read both numbers from the table, then subtract the smaller from the bigger.
- Find the first number. Pencils and Mon.12
- Find the second number. Rubbers and Mon.6
Item sold Mon Tue Wed Thu Pencils 12 15 9 14 Rubbers 6 8 10 4 Rulers 5 7 3 9 - Subtract. The difference is the bigger number minus the smaller number.12 − 6 = 6
Check. 6 + 6 = 12. ✓
Watch out. Subtract: do not add.
Key words. The difference between two numbers is how much bigger one is than the other. We find it by subtracting. “How many more” and “how many fewer” questions are difference questions. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Read both numbers from the table, then subtract the smaller from the bigger.
- Find the first number. Rulers and Thu.9
- Find the second number. Rulers and Mon.5
Item sold Mon Tue Wed Thu Pencils 12 15 9 14 Rubbers 6 8 10 4 Rulers 5 7 3 9 - Subtract. The difference is the bigger number minus the smaller number.9 − 5 = 4
Check. 5 + 4 = 9. ✓
Watch out. Subtract: do not add.
Key words. The difference between two numbers is how much bigger one is than the other. We find it by subtracting. “How many more” and “how many fewer” questions are difference questions.
Method. Find the biggest and the smallest number in the pencils row, then subtract.
- Write the pencil numbers. Read along the pencils row.12, 15, 9, 14
- Find the biggest and smallest. Compare the numbers.Biggest = 15, smallest = 9
- Subtract. The difference is the bigger minus the smaller.15 − 9 = 6
Check. 9 + 6 = 15. ✓
Watch out. Look at every number in the row.
| Travel to school | Walk | Bus | Car | Cycle |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys | 8 | 6 | 5 | 4 |
| Girls | 7 | 9 | 3 | 5 |
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Find the right row and the right column. The answer is the number where they meet.
- Find the row. Look down the left-hand side for Boys.Row: Boys
- Find the column. Look along the top for Walk.Column: Walk
- Find where the row and column meet. The number in that box is the answer.Boys and Walk: 8
Travel to school Walk Bus Car Cycle Total Boys 8 6 5 4 23 Girls 7 9 3 5 24 Total 15 15 8 9 47
Check. Look again: row Boys, column Walk, number 8. ✓
Watch out. Make sure you use the right row and the right column.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Find the right row and the right column. The answer is the number where they meet.
- Find the row. Look down the left-hand side for Girls.Row: Girls
- Find the column. Look along the top for Bus.Column: Bus
- Find where the row and column meet. The number in that box is the answer.Girls and Bus: 9
Travel to school Walk Bus Car Cycle Total Boys 8 6 5 4 23 Girls 7 9 3 5 24 Total 15 15 8 9 47
Check. Look again: row Girls, column Bus, number 9. ✓
Watch out. Make sure you use the right row and the right column.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Find the right row and the right column. The answer is the number where they meet.
- Find the row. Look down the left-hand side for Girls.Row: Girls
- Find the column. Look along the top for Cycle.Column: Cycle
- Find where the row and column meet. The number in that box is the answer.Girls and Cycle: 5
Travel to school Walk Bus Car Cycle Total Boys 8 6 5 4 23 Girls 7 9 3 5 24 Total 15 15 8 9 47
Check. Look again: row Girls, column Cycle, number 5. ✓
Watch out. Make sure you use the right row and the right column.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Add all the numbers in the column for Car.
- Find the column. Look for Car along the top.
Travel to school Walk Bus Car Cycle Boys 8 6 5 4 Girls 7 9 3 5 - Add the numbers in the column. Altogether means add.5 + 3 = 8
- Write the answer. 8 pupils
Check. Add backwards: 3 + 5 = 8. ✓
Watch out. Add every number in the column.
| Travel to school | Walk | Bus | Car | Cycle |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys | 8 | 6 | 5 | 4 |
| Girls | 7 | 9 | 3 | 5 |
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Add all the numbers in the row for Boys.
- Find the row. Look for Boys on the left.
Travel to school Walk Bus Car Cycle Boys 8 6 5 4 Girls 7 9 3 5 - Add the numbers in the row. Altogether means add.8 + 6 + 5 + 4 = 23
- Write the answer. 23 pupils
Check. Add backwards: 4 + 5 + 6 + 8 = 23. ✓
Watch out. Add every number in the row. Do not miss one.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Add all the numbers in the row for Girls.
- Find the row. Look for Girls on the left.
Travel to school Walk Bus Car Cycle Boys 8 6 5 4 Girls 7 9 3 5 - Add the numbers in the row. Altogether means add.7 + 9 + 3 + 5 = 24
- Write the answer. 24 pupils
Check. Add backwards: 5 + 3 + 9 + 7 = 24. ✓
Watch out. Add every number in the row. Do not miss one.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Add all the numbers in the column for Walk.
- Find the column. Look for Walk along the top.
Travel to school Walk Bus Car Cycle Boys 8 6 5 4 Girls 7 9 3 5 - Add the numbers in the column. Altogether means add.8 + 7 = 15
- Write the answer. 15 pupils
Check. Add backwards: 7 + 8 = 15. ✓
Watch out. Add every number in the column.
Key words. The difference between two numbers is how much bigger one is than the other. We find it by subtracting. “How many more” and “how many fewer” questions are difference questions. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Read both numbers from the table, then subtract the smaller from the bigger.
- Find the first number. Girls and Bus.9
- Find the second number. Boys and Bus.6
Travel to school Walk Bus Car Cycle Boys 8 6 5 4 Girls 7 9 3 5 - Subtract. The difference is the bigger number minus the smaller number.9 − 6 = 3
Check. 6 + 3 = 9. ✓
Watch out. Subtract: do not add.
| Lunch choice | Pizza | Pasta | Salad | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Class 3 | 14 | ? | 7 | 30 |
| Class 4 | 11 | 12 | ? | 28 |
| Class 5 | ? | 10 | 13 | 31 |
| Total | 33 | 31 | 25 | 89 |
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. The numbers in a row (or column) add up to its total. Add the numbers you know, then subtract from the total.
- Look at the row or column with the missing number. We use the row for Class 3. It has a total.
Lunch choice Pizza Pasta Salad Total Class 3 14 ? 7 30 Class 4 11 12 5 28 Class 5 8 10 13 31 Total 33 31 25 89 - Add the numbers we know. The missing number is the part of the total that is left.14 + 7 = 21
- Subtract from the total. Total minus the known parts leaves the missing part.30 − 21 = 9
Check. 14 + 7 + 9 = 30. ✓
Watch out. Use subtraction to find the missing number.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. The numbers in a row (or column) add up to its total. Add the numbers you know, then subtract from the total.
- Look at the row or column with the missing number. We use the row for Class 4. It has a total.
Lunch choice Pizza Pasta Salad Total Class 3 14 9 7 30 Class 4 11 12 ? 28 Class 5 8 10 13 31 Total 33 31 25 89 - Add the numbers we know. The missing number is the part of the total that is left.11 + 12 = 23
- Subtract from the total. Total minus the known parts leaves the missing part.28 − 23 = 5
Check. 11 + 12 + 5 = 28. ✓
Watch out. Use subtraction to find the missing number.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. The numbers in a row (or column) add up to its total. Add the numbers you know, then subtract from the total.
- Look at the row or column with the missing number. We use the column for Pizza. It has a total.
Lunch choice Pizza Pasta Salad Total Class 3 14 9 7 30 Class 4 11 12 5 28 Class 5 ? 10 13 31 Total 33 31 25 89 - Add the numbers we know. The missing number is the part of the total that is left.14 + 11 = 25
- Subtract from the total. Total minus the known parts leaves the missing part.33 − 25 = 8
Check. 14 + 11 + 8 = 33. ✓
Watch out. Use subtraction to find the missing number.
| Pet | Cats | Dogs | Fish | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys | 7 | 9 | ? | 20 |
| Girls | ? | 6 | 5 | ? |
| Total | 17 | ? | 9 | 41 |
| Pet | Cats | Dogs | Fish | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys | 7 | 9 | 4 | 20 |
| Girls | 10 | 6 | 5 | 21 |
| Total | 17 | 15 | 9 | 41 |
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Use the totals. For a blank number: total minus the numbers you know. For a blank total: add the numbers.
- Look for a row or column with only one blank. We can find that blank using the total of that row or column.
Pet Cats Dogs Fish Total Boys 7 9 ? 20 Girls ? 6 5 ? Total 17 ? 9 41 - Work out each blank. For a blank number, take the numbers you know away from the total. For a blank total, add the numbers.Boys, Fish: 20 − 7 + 9 = 4
Girls, Cats: 17 − 7 = 10
Total for Girls: 10 + 6 + 5 = 21
Total for Dogs: 9 + 6 = 15 - Write the completed table. Check that every row and column adds up.
Pet Cats Dogs Fish Total Boys 7 9 4 20 Girls 10 6 5 21 Total 17 15 9 41
Check. The rows add up to the grand total, 41, and so do the columns. ✓
Watch out. Check across and down: both must add up.
| Pet | Cats | Dogs |
|---|---|---|
| Boys | ? | ? |
| Girls | ? | ? |
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Go through the list. Count the boys who have cats.
- Find the matching children. We want a boy and cats. Both things must be true.Leo, Omar
- Count them. 2
Check. The whole table adds up to 12 children. ✓
Watch out. A child must match both things.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Go through the list. Count the boys who have dogs.
- Find the matching children. We want a boy and dogs. Both things must be true.Tom, Ben, Sam
- Count them. 3
Check. The whole table adds up to 12 children. ✓
Watch out. A child must match both things.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Go through the list. Count the girls who have cats.
- Find the matching children. We want a girl and cats. Both things must be true.Ali, Zara, Isla, Noor
- Count them. 4
Check. The whole table adds up to 12 children. ✓
Watch out. A child must match both things.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Go through the list. Count the girls who have dogs.
- Find the matching children. We want a girl and dogs. Both things must be true.Mei, Amy, Eve
- Count them. 3
Check. The whole table adds up to 12 children. ✓
Watch out. A child must match both things.
| Club | Football | Netball | Rugby |
|---|---|---|---|
| Year 3 | 14 | 12 | 9 |
| Year 4 | 11 | 15 | 8 |
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Read the numbers from the table, then decide if the statement is true.
- Read the numbers. Find the numbers the statement talks about.Year 4 netball = 15, Year 3 netball = 12. 15 > 12
- Decide. The statement is true.
Check. We used the numbers in the table. ✓
Watch out. Read the right row and column.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Read the numbers from the table, then decide if the statement is true.
- Read the numbers. Find the numbers the statement talks about.Year 3: 14 + 12 + 9 = 35. Not 35.
- Decide. The statement is true.
Check. We used the numbers in the table. ✓
Watch out. Read the right row and column.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Read the numbers from the table, then decide if the statement is true.
- Read the numbers. Find the numbers the statement talks about.Year 3: 14, 12, 9. Year 4: 11, 15, 8. Rugby is the smallest in both rows.
- Decide. The statement is true.
Check. We used the numbers in the table. ✓
Watch out. Read the right row and column.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Add the numbers in the girls row for yourself.
- Find the girls row. The numbers are 7, 9, 3 and 5.
Travel to school Walk Bus Car Cycle Total Boys 8 6 5 4 23 Girls 7 9 3 5 24 Total 15 15 8 9 47 - Add them. Add one at a time.7 + 9 = 16
16 + 3 = 19
19 + 5 = 24 - Decide. The total is 24, not 25.Noah made an adding mistake. 7 + 9 + 3 + 5 = 24, which matches the table.
Check. 24 matches the total in the table. ✓
Watch out. Check your adding by adding in a different order.
Key words. In a table, a row goes across and a column goes down. A two-way table shows two things at once, for example boys and girls, and how they travel. The total of a row or column is all its numbers added together.
Method. Find the total for girls first, then take away the numbers you know.
- Find the total for girls. The grand total is boys and girls together. Take the boys away.42 − 20 = 22 girls
- Take away the girls we know. Girls swim and girls run are known. What is left is girls jump.22 − 8 − 4 = 10
Check. 8 + 4 + 10 = 22. ✓
Watch out. Work in order: find the total for the girls first.