Year 6 Science The circulatory system and transport: check-up and practice test questions

Method. Recall the organ.

1. Recall. The heart is a muscular pump.
   heart
2. Write the answer.
   heart

Check. The heart has four chambers. ✓

Method. Recall the chambers.

1. Recall. The two lower chambers are called ventricles, and they pump blood out.
   ventricles
2. Write the answer.
   ventricles

Check. The two upper chambers are atria. ✓

Method. Use the vessel table.

1. Read the table. The vein carries blood back to the heart, and has valves.
   valves
2. Write the answer.
   vein

Check. Arteries have thick, elastic walls. ✓

Method. Use the vessel table.

1. Read the table. Capillaries have walls only one cell thick.
   one cell thick
2. Write the answer.
   capillaries

Check. Substances pass through capillary walls. ✓

Method. Use the blood table.

1. Read the table. The platelets help the blood to clot.
   clot
2. Write the answer.
   platelets

Check. Platelets are small pieces of blood. ✓

Method. Use the blood table.

1. Read the table. The red blood cells carry oxygen.
   oxygen
2. Write the answer.
   red blood cells

Check. White blood cells fight infection. ✓

Method. Use the transport table.

1. Read the table. Urea is made in the liver.
   liver
2. Write the answer.
   liver

Check. The kidneys remove urea from the blood. ✓

Method. Multiply the count by 4.

1. Read the count. The count is 16 beats in 15 seconds.
   16
2. Multiply. So 16 x 4 is the rate per minute.
   16 x 4 = 64
3. Write the answer.
   64

Check. The table gives 64 for Priya at rest. ✓

Method. Think about the muscles.

1. Think about the need. Muscles need more oxygen during exercise.
   more oxygen
2. Think about the heart. The heart pumps faster to deliver it.
   pumps faster
3. Write the answer.
   Accept any sentence that says muscles need more oxygen during exercise, so the heart pumps faster to deliver it.

Check. The blood carries the oxygen. ✓

Method. Follow the route of the blood.

1. Leave the heart. Blood leaves the heart in an artery.
   artery
2. Then. It then flows through capillaries, and returns to the heart in a vein.
   capillary, vein
3. Write the answer.
   artery, capillary, vein

Check. The order is the route of the blood. ✓

Method. Recall the chambers.

1. Recall. The two lower chambers of the heart are the ventricles.
   ventricles
2. Write the answer.
   ventricles

Check. They pump blood out of the heart. ✓

Method. Think about what the heart does.

1. Think about the muscle. The heart is a muscular pump.
   pump
2. Think about the blood. It pushes blood to the lungs and the body, round a loop.
   loop
3. Write the answer.
   Accept any sentence that says the heart is a muscular pump that pushes blood round the body, through the lungs and the body.

Check. Blood travels in a loop. ✓

Method. Compare the vessels.

1. Check the direction. Veins carry blood back to the heart; arteries carry it away.
   back, away
2. Check the walls. Veins have thinner walls and valves; arteries have thick walls.
   thinner, thick
3. Write the answer.
   Accept any sentence that says veins carry blood back to the heart, and have thinner walls with valves; arteries carry blood away with thick walls.

Check. The two vessels are often confused, so check both features. ✓

Method. Recall the liquid part of the blood.

1. Recall. The plasma is the liquid that carries nutrients and waste.
   plasma
2. Write the answer.
   plasma

Check. Plasma is the liquid part of the blood. ✓

Method. Multiply the count by 4.

1. Read the count. The count is 25 beats in 15 seconds.
   25
2. Multiply. Multiply by 4 to get beats per minute.
   25 x 4 = 100
3. Write the answer.
   100

Check. Four 15-second periods make a minute. ✓

Method. Think about the oxygen.

1. Think about the lungs. Oxygen is taken into the blood in the lungs.
   oxygen
2. Think about the body. Body cells need the oxygen to release energy.
   energy
3. Write the answer.
   Accept any sentence that says the blood picks up oxygen in the lungs, which the body cells need.

Check. Oxygen-rich blood is pumped to the body. ✓

Method. Recall the vessels.

1. Recall. Capillaries have walls one cell thick, so substances pass through them.
   capillaries
2. Write the answer.
   capillaries

Check. Capillaries are the smallest vessels. ✓

Method. Read the transport table.

1. Read the table. Nutrients and water are absorbed into the blood and carried to the cells.
   nutrients, water
2. Pick two. Any two of these answers are correct.
   two
3. Write the answer.
   Accept any two of: nutrients, water.

Check. Both are carried in the plasma. ✓

Method. Think about where the pulse is felt.

1. Recall. The pulse is felt in an artery, where the heart pushes blood along.
   artery
2. Write the answer.
   artery

Check. The pulse is caused by the heart pumping. ✓

Method. Subtract the rest mean from the exercise mean.

1. Read the means. The rest mean is 72, and the mean after exercise is 100.
   72 and 100
2. Subtract. The rise is 100 minus 72.
   100 - 72 = 28
3. Write the answer.
   28

Check. 72 + 28 = 100. ✓