Step-by-step Maths Level 5: Two-digit by one-digit numbers, no carrying
Part of the Step-by-step Maths Level 5 long multiplication of two-digit by one-digit numbers chapter. Chapter overview · whole chapter on one page
Two-digit by one-digit numbers, no carrying
Write the two-digit number in columns, with the tens under the tens and the ones under the ones. Multiply the ones first, then the tens.
If every product fits in its column, you do not need to carry. Write each product under its column.
Key ideas
- Multiply the ones first, then the tens.
- Write each product in its column.
- If a product is ten or more, carry the tens to the next column.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 3. Write 9 in the ones column.3 × 3 = 9
- Multiply the tens digit by 3. Write 6 in the tens column.2 × 3 = 6
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.69
Check. Check: 69 ÷ 3 = 23.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 7. Write 7 in the ones column.1 × 7 = 7
- Multiply the tens digit by 7. Write 8 in the tens column and carry 2 to the hundreds column.4 × 7 = 28
- Write the carried number in front. The carried number is the next digit on the left.2 in the hundreds column
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.287
Check. Check: 287 ÷ 7 = 41.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 4. Write 8 in the ones column.2 × 4 = 8
- Multiply the tens digit by 4. Write 4 in the tens column and carry 2 to the hundreds column.6 × 4 = 24
- Write the carried number in front. The carried number is the next digit on the left.2 in the hundreds column
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.248
Check. Check: 248 ÷ 4 = 62.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Watch out
Watch out. Multiply the tens digit by the number, not the whole number. 20 × 3 is 60, not 23.
Exam tip
Grown-up tip. Ask the child to say the answer to each column before they write it: “Three times three is nine; three times two is six.”
Exercise 4A Practice: two-digit by one-digit, no carrying
Non-calculatorMethod. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 2. Write 6 in the ones column.3 × 2 = 6
- Multiply the tens digit by 2. Write 2 in the tens column.1 × 2 = 2
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.26
Check. Check: 26 ÷ 2 = 13.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 4. Write 4 in the ones column.1 × 4 = 4
- Multiply the tens digit by 4. Write 8 in the tens column.2 × 4 = 8
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.84
Check. Check: 84 ÷ 4 = 21.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 6. Write 0 in the ones column.0 × 6 = 0
- Multiply the tens digit by 6. Write 6 in the tens column.1 × 6 = 6
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.60
Check. Check: 60 ÷ 6 = 10.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 8. Write 0 in the ones column.0 × 8 = 0
- Multiply the tens digit by 8. Write 8 in the tens column.1 × 8 = 8
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.80
Check. Check: 80 ÷ 8 = 10.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 2. Write 0 in the ones column.0 × 2 = 0
- Multiply the tens digit by 2. Write 2 in the tens column.1 × 2 = 2
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.20
Check. Check: 20 ÷ 2 = 10.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 9. Write 0 in the ones column.0 × 9 = 0
- Multiply the tens digit by 9. Write 9 in the tens column.1 × 9 = 9
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.90
Check. Check: 90 ÷ 9 = 10.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 2. Write 0 in the ones column.0 × 2 = 0
- Multiply the tens digit by 2. Write 4 in the tens column.2 × 2 = 4
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.40
Check. Check: 40 ÷ 2 = 20.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 5. Write 0 in the ones column.0 × 5 = 0
- Multiply the tens digit by 5. Write 5 in the tens column.1 × 5 = 5
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.50
Check. Check: 50 ÷ 5 = 10.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 3. Write 9 in the ones column.3 × 3 = 9
- Multiply the tens digit by 3. Write 6 in the tens column.2 × 3 = 6
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.69
Check. Check: 69 ÷ 3 = 23.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 2. Write 8 in the ones column.4 × 2 = 8
- Multiply the tens digit by 2. Write 4 in the tens column.2 × 2 = 4
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.48
Check. Check: 48 ÷ 2 = 24.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 3. Write 0 in the ones column.0 × 3 = 0
- Multiply the tens digit by 3. Write 3 in the tens column.1 × 3 = 3
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.30
Check. Check: 30 ÷ 3 = 10.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 2. Write 8 in the ones column.4 × 2 = 8
- Multiply the tens digit by 2. Write 2 in the tens column.1 × 2 = 2
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.28
Check. Check: 28 ÷ 2 = 14.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 4. Write 0 in the ones column.0 × 4 = 0
- Multiply the tens digit by 4. Write 8 in the tens column.2 × 4 = 8
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.80
Check. Check: 80 ÷ 4 = 20.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 2. Write 4 in the ones column.2 × 2 = 4
- Multiply the tens digit by 2. Write 6 in the tens column.3 × 2 = 6
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.64
Check. Check: 64 ÷ 2 = 32.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 2. Write 2 in the ones column.1 × 2 = 2
- Multiply the tens digit by 2. Write 6 in the tens column.3 × 2 = 6
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.62
Check. Check: 62 ÷ 2 = 31.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.
Method. Multiply each digit by the number, starting with the ones. Carry the tens to the next column.
- Multiply the ones digit by 4. Write 8 in the ones column.2 × 4 = 8
- Multiply the tens digit by 4. Write 8 in the tens column.2 × 4 = 8
- Write the answer. Read the digits from the bottom of each column, from the left.88
Check. Check: 88 ÷ 4 = 22.
Watch out. Add any carried number before you write the digit of that column. Carry the tens; do not write them as a digit.