Year 2: The 2, 5 and 10 times tables
Part of the Year 2 multiplying and dividing chapter. Chapter overview · whole chapter on one page
The 2, 5 and 10 times tables
The 2 times table counts in 2s: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12. The 5 times table counts in 5s: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30. The 10 times table counts in 10s: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50.
Learn these facts. Each multiplication fact also gives a division fact. If 4 × 5 = 20, then 20 ÷ 5 = 4.
Key ideas
- Learn the 2, 5 and 10 times tables.
- Count in 2s, 5s or 10s to check an answer.
- Every multiplication fact gives a division fact.
- 6 × 10 = 60, because 6 tens are 60.
Key words. Equal groups have the same number of things in each group.
Method. Add the same number once for each group. Count the groups first.
- Look at one group. Each group has 2 socks.2 in one group
- Add the same number once for each group. There are 4 groups, so add 2 4 times.2 + 2 + 2 + 2
- Write the total. The total is 8 socks.8
Check. Count in 2s: 2, 4, 6, 8. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups first. Then add one number for each group.
Key words. Equal groups have the same number of things in each group.
Method. Add the same number once for each group. Count the groups first.
- Look at one group. Each group has 5 stars.5 in one group
- Add the same number once for each group. There are 3 groups, so add 5 3 times.5 + 5 + 5
- Write the total. The total is 15 stars.15
Check. Count in 5s: 5, 10, 15. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups first. Then add one number for each group.
Method. Make groups of the same size, then count how many groups there are.
- Make groups of the same size. Put 10 things in each group.10 in each group
- Count the groups. Keep making groups until none are left. There are 4 groups.4 groups
- Write the answer. 40 ÷ 10 means how many groups of 10.4
Check. Count in 10s: 10, 20, 30, 40. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups, not the things in each group.
Watch out
Watch out: 5 × 4 is 20, not 9. Count in 5s: 5, 10, 15, 20. That is four jumps.
Exam tip
Grown-up tip. Count in 2s with socks, in 5s with fingers on two hands, and in 10s with bundles of ten. Ask: “What is 4 fives?” and “How many fives make 20?”
Exercise 3D The 2, 5 and 10 times tables
Non-calculatorKey words. Equal groups have the same number of things in each group.
Method. Add the same number once for each group. Count the groups first.
- Look at one group. Each group has 2 socks.2 in one group
- Add the same number once for each group. There are 5 groups, so add 2 5 times.2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2
- Write the total. The total is 10 socks.10
Check. Count in 2s: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups first. Then add one number for each group.
Key words. Equal groups have the same number of things in each group.
Method. Add the same number once for each group. Count the groups first.
- Look at one group. Each group has 2 socks.2 in one group
- Add the same number once for each group. There are 7 groups, so add 2 7 times.2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2
- Write the total. The total is 14 socks.14
Check. Count in 2s: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups first. Then add one number for each group.
Key words. Equal groups have the same number of things in each group.
Method. Add the same number once for each group. Count the groups first.
- Look at one group. Each group has 5 stars.5 in one group
- Add the same number once for each group. There are 4 groups, so add 5 4 times.5 + 5 + 5 + 5
- Write the total. The total is 20 stars.20
Check. Count in 5s: 5, 10, 15, 20. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups first. Then add one number for each group.
Key words. Equal groups have the same number of things in each group.
Method. Add the same number once for each group. Count the groups first.
- Look at one group. Each group has 5 stars.5 in one group
- Add the same number once for each group. There are 9 groups, so add 5 9 times.5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5
- Write the total. The total is 45 stars.45
Check. Count in 5s: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups first. Then add one number for each group.
Key words. Equal groups have the same number of things in each group.
Method. Add the same number once for each group. Count the groups first.
- Look at one group. Each group has 10 things.10 in one group
- Add the same number once for each group. There are 6 groups, so add 10 6 times.10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10
- Write the total. The total is 60 things.60
Check. Count in 10s: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups first. Then add one number for each group.
Method. Make groups of the same size, then count how many groups there are.
- Make groups of the same size. Put 2 socks in each group.2 in each group
- Count the groups. Keep making groups until none are left. There are 6 groups.6 groups
- Write the answer. 12 ÷ 2 means how many groups of 2.6
Check. Count in 2s: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups, not the things in each group.
Method. Make groups of the same size, then count how many groups there are.
- Make groups of the same size. Put 5 stars in each group.5 in each group
- Count the groups. Keep making groups until none are left. There are 5 groups.5 groups
- Write the answer. 25 ÷ 5 means how many groups of 5.5
Check. Count in 5s: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups, not the things in each group.
Method. Make groups of the same size, then count how many groups there are.
- Make groups of the same size. Put 10 things in each group.10 in each group
- Count the groups. Keep making groups until none are left. There are 7 groups.7 groups
- Write the answer. 70 ÷ 10 means how many groups of 10.7
Check. Count in 10s: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups, not the things in each group.
Method. Count in 4s. Count how many jumps you need.
- Count in the known number. Count in 4s until you reach 28.4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28
- Count the jumps. It takes 7 jumps to reach 28.7 jumps
- Write the missing number. The missing number is the number of jumps.7
Check. 4 × 7 = 28. ✓
Watch out. The missing number is how many times you say the number, not the total.
Key words. Equal groups have the same number of things in each group.
Method. Add the same number once for each group. Count the groups first.
- Look at one group. Each group has 2 socks.2 in one group
- Add the same number once for each group. There are 3 groups, so add 2 3 times.2 + 2 + 2
- Write the total. The total is 6 socks.6
Check. Count in 2s: 2, 4, 6. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups first. Then add one number for each group.
Key words. Equal groups have the same number of things in each group.
Method. Add the same number once for each group. Count the groups first.
- Look at one group. Each group has 5 stars.5 in one group
- Add the same number once for each group. There are 6 groups, so add 5 6 times.5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5
- Write the total. The total is 30 stars.30
Check. Count in 5s: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups first. Then add one number for each group.
Key words. Equal groups have the same number of things in each group.
Method. Add the same number once for each group. Count the groups first.
- Look at one group. Each group has 10 pencils.10 in one group
- Add the same number once for each group. There are 5 groups, so add 10 5 times.10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10
- Write the total. The total is 50 pencils.50
Check. Count in 10s: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups first. Then add one number for each group.
Method. Make groups of the same size, then count how many groups there are.
- Make groups of the same size. Put 10 things in each group.10 in each group
- Count the groups. Keep making groups until none are left. There are 4 groups.4 groups
- Write the answer. 40 ÷ 10 means how many groups of 10.4
Check. Count in 10s: 10, 20, 30, 40. ✓
Watch out. Count the groups, not the things in each group.
Method. Count in 5s on the number line. Look at each number.
- Count in 5s. Start at 5 and jump on by 5 each time.5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30
- Look at the last digit. Every number in the 5s ends in 5 or 0.5, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0
- Write the answer. Every jump lands on a 5 or a 0.Yes. Every number in the 5s ends in 0 or 5.
Check. The 10s are in the 5s too, so the rule holds. ✓
Watch out. Count on the number line to check.