Year 4: Division facts, fact families and missing numbers

Method. Dividing by 2 is halving. Find half of the number.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 18 ÷ 2 asks: what do we multiply 2 by to get 18?
   18 ÷ 2 = ? means ? × 2 = 18
2. Halve the number. Half and double are opposites.
   half of 18 = 9
3. Write the answer.
   18 ÷ 2 = 9

Check. Multiply back: 9 × 2 = 18. ✓

Watch out. Dividing by 2 is not the same as dividing into 2 digits. Half of 16 is 8.

Method. To divide by 10, every digit moves one place to the right.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 70 ÷ 10 asks: what do we multiply 10 by to get 70?
   70 ÷ 10 = ? means ? × 10 = 70
2. Move the digits one place to the right. Tens become ones.
   70 → 7
3. Write the answer.
   70 ÷ 10 = 7

Check. Multiply back: 7 × 10 = 70. ✓

Watch out. Check that the number gets smaller. Dividing by 10 makes ten times smaller.

Method. To divide by 5, double the number first and then divide by 10.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 45 ÷ 5 asks: what do we multiply 5 by to get 45?
   45 ÷ 5 = ? means ? × 5 = 45
2. Double the number. Doubling then dividing by 10 is the same as dividing by 5.
   double 40 = 80, double 5 = 10, so 80 + 10 = 90
3. Divide by 10. Move the digits one place to the right.
   90 ÷ 10 = 9
4. Write the answer.
   45 ÷ 5 = 9

Check. Multiply back: 9 × 5 = 45. ✓

Watch out. Remember to do both steps: double, then divide by 10.

Method. To divide by 10, every digit moves one place to the right.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 120 ÷ 10 asks: what do we multiply 10 by to get 120?
   120 ÷ 10 = ? means ? × 10 = 120
2. Move the digits one place to the right. Tens become ones.
   120 → 12
3. Write the answer.
   120 ÷ 10 = 12

Check. Multiply back: 12 × 10 = 120. ✓

Watch out. Check that the number gets smaller. Dividing by 10 makes ten times smaller.

Method. To divide by 5, double the number first and then divide by 10.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 50 ÷ 5 asks: what do we multiply 5 by to get 50?
   50 ÷ 5 = ? means ? × 5 = 50
2. Double the number. Doubling then dividing by 10 is the same as dividing by 5.
   double 50 = 100
3. Divide by 10. Move the digits one place to the right.
   100 ÷ 10 = 10
4. Write the answer.
   50 ÷ 5 = 10

Check. Multiply back: 10 × 5 = 50. ✓

Watch out. Remember to do both steps: double, then divide by 10.

Method. Dividing by 2 is halving. Find half of the number.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 24 ÷ 2 asks: what do we multiply 2 by to get 24?
   24 ÷ 2 = ? means ? × 2 = 24
2. Halve the number. Half and double are opposites.
   half of 20 = 10, half of 4 = 2, so 10 + 2 = 12
3. Write the answer.
   24 ÷ 2 = 12

Check. Multiply back: 12 × 2 = 24. ✓

Watch out. Dividing by 2 is not the same as dividing into 2 digits. Half of 16 is 8.

Method. To divide by 10, every digit moves one place to the right.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 110 ÷ 10 asks: what do we multiply 10 by to get 110?
   110 ÷ 10 = ? means ? × 10 = 110
2. Move the digits one place to the right. Tens become ones.
   110 → 11
3. Write the answer.
   110 ÷ 10 = 11

Check. Multiply back: 11 × 10 = 110. ✓

Watch out. Check that the number gets smaller. Dividing by 10 makes ten times smaller.

Method. To divide by 5, double the number first and then divide by 10.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 60 ÷ 5 asks: what do we multiply 5 by to get 60?
   60 ÷ 5 = ? means ? × 5 = 60
2. Double the number. Doubling then dividing by 10 is the same as dividing by 5.
   double 60 = 120
3. Divide by 10. Move the digits one place to the right.
   120 ÷ 10 = 12
4. Write the answer.
   60 ÷ 5 = 12

Check. Multiply back: 12 × 5 = 60. ✓

Watch out. Remember to do both steps: double, then divide by 10.

Method. Dividing by 2 is halving. Find half of the number.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 16 ÷ 2 asks: what do we multiply 2 by to get 16?
   16 ÷ 2 = ? means ? × 2 = 16
2. Halve the number. Half and double are opposites.
   half of 16 = 8
3. Write the answer.
   16 ÷ 2 = 8

Check. Multiply back: 8 × 2 = 16. ✓

Watch out. Dividing by 2 is not the same as dividing into 2 digits. Half of 16 is 8.

Method. To divide by 10, every digit moves one place to the right.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 100 ÷ 10 asks: what do we multiply 10 by to get 100?
   100 ÷ 10 = ? means ? × 10 = 100
2. Move the digits one place to the right. Tens become ones.
   100 → 10
3. Write the answer.
   100 ÷ 10 = 10

Check. Multiply back: 10 × 10 = 100. ✓

Watch out. Check that the number gets smaller. Dividing by 10 makes ten times smaller.

Method. Use the 3 times table. Count up in 3s until you reach 21.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 21 ÷ 3 asks: what do we multiply 3 by to get 21?
   21 ÷ 3 = ? means ? × 3 = 21
2. Count up in 3s until you reach 21. Each number you say is one more group of 3.
   3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 7 numbers, so 7 × 3 = 21
4. Write the answer.
   21 ÷ 3 = 7

Check. Multiply back: 7 × 3 = 21. ✓

Watch out. Know your 3 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Dividing by 4 is halving twice.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 36 ÷ 4 asks: what do we multiply 4 by to get 36?
   36 ÷ 4 = ? means ? × 4 = 36
2. Halve the number. 4 = 2 × 2, so we halve and then halve again.
   half of 20 = 10, half of 16 = 8, so 10 + 8 = 18
3. Halve again.
   half of 18 = 9
4. Write the answer.
   36 ÷ 4 = 9

Check. Multiply back: 9 × 4 = 36. ✓

Watch out. You must halve twice. Halving once gives the answer to a division by 2.

Method. Use the 3 times table. Count up in 3s until you reach 27.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 27 ÷ 3 asks: what do we multiply 3 by to get 27?
   27 ÷ 3 = ? means ? × 3 = 27
2. Count up in 3s until you reach 27. Each number you say is one more group of 3.
   3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 9 numbers, so 9 × 3 = 27
4. Write the answer.
   27 ÷ 3 = 9

Check. Multiply back: 9 × 3 = 27. ✓

Watch out. Know your 3 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Dividing by 4 is halving twice.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 48 ÷ 4 asks: what do we multiply 4 by to get 48?
   48 ÷ 4 = ? means ? × 4 = 48
2. Halve the number. 4 = 2 × 2, so we halve and then halve again.
   half of 40 = 20, half of 8 = 4, so 20 + 4 = 24
3. Halve again.
   half of 20 = 10, half of 4 = 2, so 10 + 2 = 12
4. Write the answer.
   48 ÷ 4 = 12

Check. Multiply back: 12 × 4 = 48. ✓

Watch out. You must halve twice. Halving once gives the answer to a division by 2.

Method. Use the 3 times table. Count up in 3s until you reach 33.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 33 ÷ 3 asks: what do we multiply 3 by to get 33?
   33 ÷ 3 = ? means ? × 3 = 33
2. Count up in 3s until you reach 33. Each number you say is one more group of 3.
   3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 11 numbers, so 11 × 3 = 33
4. Write the answer.
   33 ÷ 3 = 11

Check. Multiply back: 11 × 3 = 33. ✓

Watch out. Know your 3 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Dividing by 4 is halving twice.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 32 ÷ 4 asks: what do we multiply 4 by to get 32?
   32 ÷ 4 = ? means ? × 4 = 32
2. Halve the number. 4 = 2 × 2, so we halve and then halve again.
   half of 20 = 10, half of 12 = 6, so 10 + 6 = 16
3. Halve again.
   half of 16 = 8
4. Write the answer.
   32 ÷ 4 = 8

Check. Multiply back: 8 × 4 = 32. ✓

Watch out. You must halve twice. Halving once gives the answer to a division by 2.

Method. Use the 3 times table. Count up in 3s until you reach 36.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 36 ÷ 3 asks: what do we multiply 3 by to get 36?
   36 ÷ 3 = ? means ? × 3 = 36
2. Count up in 3s until you reach 36. Each number you say is one more group of 3.
   3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 12 numbers, so 12 × 3 = 36
4. Write the answer.
   36 ÷ 3 = 12

Check. Multiply back: 12 × 3 = 36. ✓

Watch out. Know your 3 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Dividing by 4 is halving twice.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 44 ÷ 4 asks: what do we multiply 4 by to get 44?
   44 ÷ 4 = ? means ? × 4 = 44
2. Halve the number. 4 = 2 × 2, so we halve and then halve again.
   half of 40 = 20, half of 4 = 2, so 20 + 2 = 22
3. Halve again.
   half of 20 = 10, half of 2 = 1, so 10 + 1 = 11
4. Write the answer.
   44 ÷ 4 = 11

Check. Multiply back: 11 × 4 = 44. ✓

Watch out. You must halve twice. Halving once gives the answer to a division by 2.

Method. Use the 3 times table. Count up in 3s until you reach 15.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 15 ÷ 3 asks: what do we multiply 3 by to get 15?
   15 ÷ 3 = ? means ? × 3 = 15
2. Count up in 3s until you reach 15. Each number you say is one more group of 3.
   3, 6, 9, 12, 15
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 5 numbers, so 5 × 3 = 15
4. Write the answer.
   15 ÷ 3 = 5

Check. Multiply back: 5 × 3 = 15. ✓

Watch out. Know your 3 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Dividing by 4 is halving twice.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 40 ÷ 4 asks: what do we multiply 4 by to get 40?
   40 ÷ 4 = ? means ? × 4 = 40
2. Halve the number. 4 = 2 × 2, so we halve and then halve again.
   half of 40 = 20
3. Halve again.
   half of 20 = 10
4. Write the answer.
   40 ÷ 4 = 10

Check. Multiply back: 10 × 4 = 40. ✓

Watch out. You must halve twice. Halving once gives the answer to a division by 2.

Method. Use the 6 times table. Count up in 6s until you reach 42.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 42 ÷ 6 asks: what do we multiply 6 by to get 42?
   42 ÷ 6 = ? means ? × 6 = 42
2. Count up in 6s until you reach 42. Each number you say is one more group of 6.
   6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 7 numbers, so 7 × 6 = 42
4. Write the answer.
   42 ÷ 6 = 7

Check. Multiply back: 7 × 6 = 42. ✓

Watch out. Know your 6 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 7 times table. Count up in 7s until you reach 56.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 56 ÷ 7 asks: what do we multiply 7 by to get 56?
   56 ÷ 7 = ? means ? × 7 = 56
2. Count up in 7s until you reach 56. Each number you say is one more group of 7.
   7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 8 numbers, so 8 × 7 = 56
4. Write the answer.
   56 ÷ 7 = 8

Check. Multiply back: 8 × 7 = 56. ✓

Watch out. Know your 7 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Dividing by 8 is halving three times.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 72 ÷ 8 asks: what do we multiply 8 by to get 72?
   72 ÷ 8 = ? means ? × 8 = 72
2. Halve the number. 8 = 2 × 2 × 2, so we halve three times.
   half of 60 = 30, half of 12 = 6, so 30 + 6 = 36
3. Halve again.
   half of 20 = 10, half of 16 = 8, so 10 + 8 = 18
4. Halve a third time.
   half of 18 = 9
5. Write the answer.
   72 ÷ 8 = 9

Check. Multiply back: 9 × 8 = 72. ✓

Watch out. Count your halves. Three halves divide by 8.

Method. Use the 9 times table. Count up in 9s until you reach 81.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 81 ÷ 9 asks: what do we multiply 9 by to get 81?
   81 ÷ 9 = ? means ? × 9 = 81
2. Count up in 9s until you reach 81. Each number you say is one more group of 9.
   9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 9 numbers, so 9 × 9 = 81
4. Write the answer.
   81 ÷ 9 = 9

Check. Multiply back: 9 × 9 = 81. ✓

Watch out. Know your 9 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 6 times table. Count up in 6s until you reach 54.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 54 ÷ 6 asks: what do we multiply 6 by to get 54?
   54 ÷ 6 = ? means ? × 6 = 54
2. Count up in 6s until you reach 54. Each number you say is one more group of 6.
   6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 9 numbers, so 9 × 6 = 54
4. Write the answer.
   54 ÷ 6 = 9

Check. Multiply back: 9 × 6 = 54. ✓

Watch out. Know your 6 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 7 times table. Count up in 7s until you reach 63.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 63 ÷ 7 asks: what do we multiply 7 by to get 63?
   63 ÷ 7 = ? means ? × 7 = 63
2. Count up in 7s until you reach 63. Each number you say is one more group of 7.
   7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 9 numbers, so 9 × 7 = 63
4. Write the answer.
   63 ÷ 7 = 9

Check. Multiply back: 9 × 7 = 63. ✓

Watch out. Know your 7 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Dividing by 8 is halving three times.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 64 ÷ 8 asks: what do we multiply 8 by to get 64?
   64 ÷ 8 = ? means ? × 8 = 64
2. Halve the number. 8 = 2 × 2 × 2, so we halve three times.
   half of 60 = 30, half of 4 = 2, so 30 + 2 = 32
3. Halve again.
   half of 20 = 10, half of 12 = 6, so 10 + 6 = 16
4. Halve a third time.
   half of 16 = 8
5. Write the answer.
   64 ÷ 8 = 8

Check. Multiply back: 8 × 8 = 64. ✓

Watch out. Count your halves. Three halves divide by 8.

Method. Use the 9 times table. Count up in 9s until you reach 108.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 108 ÷ 9 asks: what do we multiply 9 by to get 108?
   108 ÷ 9 = ? means ? × 9 = 108
2. Count up in 9s until you reach 108. Each number you say is one more group of 9.
   9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, 90, 99, 108
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 12 numbers, so 12 × 9 = 108
4. Write the answer.
   108 ÷ 9 = 12

Check. Multiply back: 12 × 9 = 108. ✓

Watch out. Know your 9 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 7 times table. Count up in 7s until you reach 84.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 84 ÷ 7 asks: what do we multiply 7 by to get 84?
   84 ÷ 7 = ? means ? × 7 = 84
2. Count up in 7s until you reach 84. Each number you say is one more group of 7.
   7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77, 84
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 12 numbers, so 12 × 7 = 84
4. Write the answer.
   84 ÷ 7 = 12

Check. Multiply back: 12 × 7 = 84. ✓

Watch out. Know your 7 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Dividing by 8 is halving three times.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 96 ÷ 8 asks: what do we multiply 8 by to get 96?
   96 ÷ 8 = ? means ? × 8 = 96
2. Halve the number. 8 = 2 × 2 × 2, so we halve three times.
   half of 80 = 40, half of 16 = 8, so 40 + 8 = 48
3. Halve again.
   half of 40 = 20, half of 8 = 4, so 20 + 4 = 24
4. Halve a third time.
   half of 20 = 10, half of 4 = 2, so 10 + 2 = 12
5. Write the answer.
   96 ÷ 8 = 12

Check. Multiply back: 12 × 8 = 96. ✓

Watch out. Count your halves. Three halves divide by 8.

Method. Use the 6 times table. Count up in 6s until you reach 72.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 72 ÷ 6 asks: what do we multiply 6 by to get 72?
   72 ÷ 6 = ? means ? × 6 = 72
2. Count up in 6s until you reach 72. Each number you say is one more group of 6.
   6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66, 72
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 12 numbers, so 12 × 6 = 72
4. Write the answer.
   72 ÷ 6 = 12

Check. Multiply back: 12 × 6 = 72. ✓

Watch out. Know your 6 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 9 times table. Count up in 9s until you reach 90.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 90 ÷ 9 asks: what do we multiply 9 by to get 90?
   90 ÷ 9 = ? means ? × 9 = 90
2. Count up in 9s until you reach 90. Each number you say is one more group of 9.
   9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, 90
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 10 numbers, so 10 × 9 = 90
4. Write the answer.
   90 ÷ 9 = 10

Check. Multiply back: 10 × 9 = 90. ✓

Watch out. Know your 9 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 11 times table. Count up in 11s until you reach 66.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 66 ÷ 11 asks: what do we multiply 11 by to get 66?
   66 ÷ 11 = ? means ? × 11 = 66
2. Count up in 11s until you reach 66. Each number you say is one more group of 11.
   11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 6 numbers, so 6 × 11 = 66
4. Write the answer.
   66 ÷ 11 = 6

Check. Multiply back: 6 × 11 = 66. ✓

Watch out. Know your 11 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 12 times table. Count up in 12s until you reach 84.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 84 ÷ 12 asks: what do we multiply 12 by to get 84?
   84 ÷ 12 = ? means ? × 12 = 84
2. Count up in 12s until you reach 84. Each number you say is one more group of 12.
   12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 7 numbers, so 7 × 12 = 84
4. Write the answer.
   84 ÷ 12 = 7

Check. Multiply back: 7 × 12 = 84. ✓

Watch out. Know your 12 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 11 times table. Count up in 11s until you reach 121.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 121 ÷ 11 asks: what do we multiply 11 by to get 121?
   121 ÷ 11 = ? means ? × 11 = 121
2. Count up in 11s until you reach 121. Each number you say is one more group of 11.
   11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88, 99, 110, 121
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 11 numbers, so 11 × 11 = 121
4. Write the answer.
   121 ÷ 11 = 11

Check. Multiply back: 11 × 11 = 121. ✓

Watch out. Know your 11 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 12 times table. Count up in 12s until you reach 144.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 144 ÷ 12 asks: what do we multiply 12 by to get 144?
   144 ÷ 12 = ? means ? × 12 = 144
2. Count up in 12s until you reach 144. Each number you say is one more group of 12.
   12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 12 numbers, so 12 × 12 = 144
4. Write the answer.
   144 ÷ 12 = 12

Check. Multiply back: 12 × 12 = 144. ✓

Watch out. Know your 12 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 11 times table. Count up in 11s until you reach 99.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 99 ÷ 11 asks: what do we multiply 11 by to get 99?
   99 ÷ 11 = ? means ? × 11 = 99
2. Count up in 11s until you reach 99. Each number you say is one more group of 11.
   11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88, 99
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 9 numbers, so 9 × 11 = 99
4. Write the answer.
   99 ÷ 11 = 9

Check. Multiply back: 9 × 11 = 99. ✓

Watch out. Know your 11 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 12 times table. Count up in 12s until you reach 60.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 60 ÷ 12 asks: what do we multiply 12 by to get 60?
   60 ÷ 12 = ? means ? × 12 = 60
2. Count up in 12s until you reach 60. Each number you say is one more group of 12.
   12, 24, 36, 48, 60
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 5 numbers, so 5 × 12 = 60
4. Write the answer.
   60 ÷ 12 = 5

Check. Multiply back: 5 × 12 = 60. ✓

Watch out. Know your 12 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 11 times table. Count up in 11s until you reach 132.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 132 ÷ 11 asks: what do we multiply 11 by to get 132?
   132 ÷ 11 = ? means ? × 11 = 132
2. Count up in 11s until you reach 132. Each number you say is one more group of 11.
   11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88, 99, 110, 121, 132
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 12 numbers, so 12 × 11 = 132
4. Write the answer.
   132 ÷ 11 = 12

Check. Multiply back: 12 × 11 = 132. ✓

Watch out. Know your 11 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 12 times table. Count up in 12s until you reach 108.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 108 ÷ 12 asks: what do we multiply 12 by to get 108?
   108 ÷ 12 = ? means ? × 12 = 108
2. Count up in 12s until you reach 108. Each number you say is one more group of 12.
   12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 9 numbers, so 9 × 12 = 108
4. Write the answer.
   108 ÷ 12 = 9

Check. Multiply back: 9 × 12 = 108. ✓

Watch out. Know your 12 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 9 times table. Count up in 9s until you reach 45.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 45 ÷ 9 asks: what do we multiply 9 by to get 45?
   45 ÷ 9 = ? means ? × 9 = 45
2. Count up in 9s until you reach 45. Each number you say is one more group of 9.
   9, 18, 27, 36, 45
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 5 numbers, so 5 × 9 = 45
4. Write the answer.
   45 ÷ 9 = 5

Check. Multiply back: 5 × 9 = 45. ✓

Watch out. Know your 9 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 12 times table. Count up in 12s until you reach 72.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 72 ÷ 12 asks: what do we multiply 12 by to get 72?
   72 ÷ 12 = ? means ? × 12 = 72
2. Count up in 12s until you reach 72. Each number you say is one more group of 12.
   12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 6 numbers, so 6 × 12 = 72
4. Write the answer.
   72 ÷ 12 = 6

Check. Multiply back: 6 × 12 = 72. ✓

Watch out. Know your 12 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 7 times table. Count up in 7s until you reach 35.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 35 ÷ 7 asks: what do we multiply 7 by to get 35?
   35 ÷ 7 = ? means ? × 7 = 35
2. Count up in 7s until you reach 35. Each number you say is one more group of 7.
   7, 14, 21, 28, 35
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 5 numbers, so 5 × 7 = 35
4. Write the answer.
   35 ÷ 7 = 5

Check. Multiply back: 5 × 7 = 35. ✓

Watch out. Know your 7 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Dividing by 8 is halving three times.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 88 ÷ 8 asks: what do we multiply 8 by to get 88?
   88 ÷ 8 = ? means ? × 8 = 88
2. Halve the number. 8 = 2 × 2 × 2, so we halve three times.
   half of 80 = 40, half of 8 = 4, so 40 + 4 = 44
3. Halve again.
   half of 40 = 20, half of 4 = 2, so 20 + 2 = 22
4. Halve a third time.
   half of 20 = 10, half of 2 = 1, so 10 + 1 = 11
5. Write the answer.
   88 ÷ 8 = 11

Check. Multiply back: 11 × 8 = 88. ✓

Watch out. Count your halves. Three halves divide by 8.

Method. Use the 6 times table. Count up in 6s until you reach 66.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 66 ÷ 6 asks: what do we multiply 6 by to get 66?
   66 ÷ 6 = ? means ? × 6 = 66
2. Count up in 6s until you reach 66. Each number you say is one more group of 6.
   6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 11 numbers, so 11 × 6 = 66
4. Write the answer.
   66 ÷ 6 = 11

Check. Multiply back: 11 × 6 = 66. ✓

Watch out. Know your 6 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Dividing by 4 is halving twice.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 48 ÷ 4 asks: what do we multiply 4 by to get 48?
   48 ÷ 4 = ? means ? × 4 = 48
2. Halve the number. 4 = 2 × 2, so we halve and then halve again.
   half of 40 = 20, half of 8 = 4, so 20 + 4 = 24
3. Halve again.
   half of 20 = 10, half of 4 = 2, so 10 + 2 = 12
4. Write the answer.
   48 ÷ 4 = 12

Check. Multiply back: 12 × 4 = 48. ✓

Watch out. You must halve twice. Halving once gives the answer to a division by 2.

Method. Use the 11 times table. Count up in 11s until you reach 55.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 55 ÷ 11 asks: what do we multiply 11 by to get 55?
   55 ÷ 11 = ? means ? × 11 = 55
2. Count up in 11s until you reach 55. Each number you say is one more group of 11.
   11, 22, 33, 44, 55
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 5 numbers, so 5 × 11 = 55
4. Write the answer.
   55 ÷ 11 = 5

Check. Multiply back: 5 × 11 = 55. ✓

Watch out. Know your 11 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 12 times table. Count up in 12s until you reach 36.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 36 ÷ 12 asks: what do we multiply 12 by to get 36?
   36 ÷ 12 = ? means ? × 12 = 36
2. Count up in 12s until you reach 36. Each number you say is one more group of 12.
   12, 24, 36
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 3 numbers, so 3 × 12 = 36
4. Write the answer.
   36 ÷ 12 = 3

Check. Multiply back: 3 × 12 = 36. ✓

Watch out. Know your 12 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. Use the 7 times table. Count up in 7s until you reach 49.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 49 ÷ 7 asks: what do we multiply 7 by to get 49?
   49 ÷ 7 = ? means ? × 7 = 49
2. Count up in 7s until you reach 49. Each number you say is one more group of 7.
   7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 7 numbers, so 7 × 7 = 49
4. Write the answer.
   49 ÷ 7 = 7

Check. Multiply back: 7 × 7 = 49. ✓

Watch out. Know your 7 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. To divide by 10, every digit moves one place to the right.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 80 ÷ 10 asks: what do we multiply 10 by to get 80?
   80 ÷ 10 = ? means ? × 10 = 80
2. Move the digits one place to the right. Tens become ones.
   80 → 8
3. Write the answer.
   80 ÷ 10 = 8

Check. Multiply back: 8 × 10 = 80. ✓

Watch out. Check that the number gets smaller. Dividing by 10 makes ten times smaller.

Method. Use the 9 times table. Count up in 9s until you reach 63.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 63 ÷ 9 asks: what do we multiply 9 by to get 63?
   63 ÷ 9 = ? means ? × 9 = 63
2. Count up in 9s until you reach 63. Each number you say is one more group of 9.
   9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63
3. Count how many numbers you said. The number of jumps is the answer.
   I said 7 numbers, so 7 × 9 = 63
4. Write the answer.
   63 ÷ 9 = 7

Check. Multiply back: 7 × 9 = 63. ✓

Watch out. Know your 9 times table facts, then division is quick.

Method. To divide by 5, double the number first and then divide by 10.

1. Turn the division into a missing multiplication. 30 ÷ 5 asks: what do we multiply 5 by to get 30?
   30 ÷ 5 = ? means ? × 5 = 30
2. Double the number. Doubling then dividing by 10 is the same as dividing by 5.
   double 30 = 60
3. Divide by 10. Move the digits one place to the right.
   60 ÷ 10 = 6
4. Write the answer.
   30 ÷ 5 = 6

Check. Multiply back: 6 × 5 = 30. ✓

Watch out. Remember to do both steps: double, then divide by 10.

Method. Dividing by 1 does not change the number. Sharing between 1 person leaves everything with that person.

1. Say what the division means. 12 ÷ 1 means: share 12 into 1 equal group.
   1 group gets all 12
2. Think of a small example. Imagine sharing sweets with just one person.
   6 sweets shared with 1 person: they get all 6, so 6 ÷ 1 = 6
3. Write the answer. One group means no sharing happens.
   12 ÷ 1 = 12

Check. Multiply back: 12 × 1 = 12. ✓

Watch out. Dividing by 1 does not give 1. It gives the same number.

Method. Any number divided by itself is 1. There is exactly one group of that size.

1. Say what the division means. 7 ÷ 7 asks: how many groups of 7 fit into 7?
   one group of 7 fits
2. Think of a small example. Imagine putting sweets into bags that each hold the whole amount.
   6 sweets in bags of 6: you fill 1 bag, so 6 ÷ 6 = 1
3. Write the answer.
   7 ÷ 7 = 1

Check. Multiply back: 1 × 7 = 7. ✓

Watch out. The answer is 1, not 7 and not 0.

Method. Zero shared between any number of groups is 0. There is nothing to share.

1. Say what the division means. 0 ÷ 9 means: share 0 things between 9 groups.
   nothing to share
2. Think of a small example. Imagine sharing an empty bag of sweets between 3 children.
   0 sweets shared between 3 children: each gets 0, so 0 ÷ 3 = 0
3. Write the answer. Every group gets nothing.
   0 ÷ 9 = 0

Check. Multiply back: 0 × 9 = 0. ✓

Watch out. 0 ÷ 5 is 0. But you can never divide by 0: 5 ÷ 0 has no answer.

Method. Dividing by 1 does not change the number. Sharing between 1 person leaves everything with that person.

1. Say what the division means. 100 ÷ 1 means: share 100 into 1 equal group.
   1 group gets all 100
2. Think of a small example. Imagine sharing sweets with just one person.
   6 sweets shared with 1 person: they get all 6, so 6 ÷ 1 = 6
3. Write the answer. One group means no sharing happens.
   100 ÷ 1 = 100

Check. Multiply back: 100 × 1 = 100. ✓

Watch out. Dividing by 1 does not give 1. It gives the same number.

Method. Any number divided by itself is 1. There is exactly one group of that size.

1. Say what the division means. 12 ÷ 12 asks: how many groups of 12 fit into 12?
   one group of 12 fits
2. Think of a small example. Imagine putting sweets into bags that each hold the whole amount.
   6 sweets in bags of 6: you fill 1 bag, so 6 ÷ 6 = 1
3. Write the answer.
   12 ÷ 12 = 1

Check. Multiply back: 1 × 12 = 12. ✓

Watch out. The answer is 1, not 12 and not 0.

Method. Dividing by 1 does not change the number. Sharing between 1 person leaves everything with that person.

1. Say what the division means. 8 ÷ 1 means: share 8 into 1 equal group.
   1 group gets all 8
2. Think of a small example. Imagine sharing sweets with just one person.
   6 sweets shared with 1 person: they get all 6, so 6 ÷ 1 = 6
3. Write the answer. One group means no sharing happens.
   8 ÷ 1 = 8

Check. Multiply back: 8 × 1 = 8. ✓

Watch out. Dividing by 1 does not give 1. It gives the same number.

Key words. A fact family is a group of multiplication and division facts that use the same three numbers.

Method. A fact family uses three numbers. Two multiplication facts and two division facts use the same three numbers.

1. Put the numbers in a fact triangle. The product goes at the top and the two factors at the bottom.
2. Write the two multiplication facts. Multiply the bottom numbers in either order.
   3 × 8 = 24
   8 × 3 = 24
3. Write the two division facts. Start at the top and divide by one factor to get the other.
   24 ÷ 3 = 8
   24 ÷ 8 = 3

Check. Check one fact: 3 × 8 = 24, so 24 ÷ 8 = 3. ✓

Watch out. In a division fact, the biggest number (the product) always comes first.

Key words. A fact family is a group of multiplication and division facts that use the same three numbers.

Method. A fact family uses three numbers. Two multiplication facts and two division facts use the same three numbers.

1. Put the numbers in a fact triangle. The product goes at the top and the two factors at the bottom.
2. Write the two multiplication facts. Multiply the bottom numbers in either order.
   6 × 9 = 54
   9 × 6 = 54
3. Write the two division facts. Start at the top and divide by one factor to get the other.
   54 ÷ 6 = 9
   54 ÷ 9 = 6

Check. Check one fact: 6 × 9 = 54, so 54 ÷ 9 = 6. ✓

Watch out. In a division fact, the biggest number (the product) always comes first.

Key words. A fact family is a group of multiplication and division facts that use the same three numbers.

Method. A fact family uses three numbers. Both factors are 7, so there are only two facts.

1. Put the numbers in a fact triangle. The product goes at the top and the factors at the bottom.
2. Write the multiplication fact. Multiply the two numbers at the bottom to get the top.
   7 × 7 = 49
3. Write the division fact. Start at the top and divide by the factor.
   49 ÷ 7 = 7

Check. Check one fact: 7 × 7 = 49, so 49 ÷ 7 = 7. ✓

Watch out. In a division fact, the biggest number (the product) always comes first.

Key words. A fact family is a group of multiplication and division facts that use the same three numbers.

Method. A fact family uses three numbers. Two multiplication facts and two division facts use the same three numbers.

1. Put the numbers in a fact triangle. The product goes at the top and the two factors at the bottom.
2. Write the two multiplication facts. Multiply the bottom numbers in either order.
   12 × 5 = 60
   5 × 12 = 60
3. Write the two division facts. Start at the top and divide by one factor to get the other.
   60 ÷ 12 = 5
   60 ÷ 5 = 12

Check. Check one fact: 12 × 5 = 60, so 60 ÷ 5 = 12. ✓

Watch out. In a division fact, the biggest number (the product) always comes first.

Key words. A missing number is a number you have to find. Division and multiplication are inverses (opposites): they undo each other.

Method. Use the inverse operation. Multiplication and division undo each other.

1. Say what the sentence means. We need the number that 9 is multiplied by to make 63.
   9 × ? = 63
2. Use the inverse (opposite) operation. The opposite of multiplying is dividing. Divide 63 by 9.
   63 ÷ 9 = 7
3. Write the missing number.
   9 × 7 = 63

Check. Put it back: 9 × 7 = 63. ✓

Watch out. Do not just put the numbers in the box in the order you see them. Think about what the sentence means.

Key words. A missing number is a number you have to find. Division and multiplication are inverses (opposites): they undo each other.

Method. Use the inverse operation. Multiplication and division undo each other.

1. Say what the sentence means. We need the number that, multiplied by 8, makes 56.
   ? × 8 = 56
2. Use the inverse (opposite) operation. Order does not matter in multiplication. Divide 56 by 8.
   56 ÷ 8 = 7
3. Write the missing number.
   7 × 8 = 56

Check. Put it back: 7 × 8 = 56. ✓

Watch out. Do not just put the numbers in the box in the order you see them. Think about what the sentence means.

Key words. A missing number is a number you have to find. Division and multiplication are inverses (opposites): they undo each other.

Method. Use the inverse operation. Multiplication and division undo each other.

1. Say what the sentence means. We need the number that 6 is multiplied by to make 72.
   6 × ? = 72
2. Use the inverse (opposite) operation. The opposite of multiplying is dividing. Divide 72 by 6.
   72 ÷ 6 = 12
3. Write the missing number.
   6 × 12 = 72

Check. Put it back: 6 × 12 = 72. ✓

Watch out. Do not just put the numbers in the box in the order you see them. Think about what the sentence means.

Key words. A missing number is a number you have to find. Division and multiplication are inverses (opposites): they undo each other.

Method. Use the inverse operation. Multiplication and division undo each other.

1. Say what the sentence means. A number divided by 7 gives 6.
   ? ÷ 7 = 6
2. Use the inverse (opposite) operation. The opposite of dividing by 7 is multiplying by 7.
   6 × 7 = 42
3. Write the missing number.
   42 ÷ 7 = 6

Check. Put it back: 42 ÷ 7 = 6. ✓

Watch out. Do not just put the numbers in the box in the order you see them. Think about what the sentence means.

Key words. A missing number is a number you have to find. Division and multiplication are inverses (opposites): they undo each other.

Method. Use the inverse operation. Multiplication and division undo each other.

1. Say what the sentence means. 72 divided by the missing number makes 9.
   72 ÷ ? = 9
2. Turn it into a multiplication. 9 lots of the missing number make 72.
   9 × ? = 72, so ? = 72 ÷ 9
3. Work out the division. Count up in 9s, or use the 9 times table.
   72 ÷ 9 = 8
4. Write the missing number.
   72 ÷ 8 = 9

Check. Put it back: 72 ÷ 8 = 9. ✓

Watch out. Do not just put the numbers in the box in the order you see them. Think about what the sentence means.

Key words. A missing number is a number you have to find. Division and multiplication are inverses (opposites): they undo each other.

Method. Use the inverse operation. Multiplication and division undo each other.

1. Say what the sentence means. We need the number that 6 is multiplied by to make 54.
   6 × ? = 54
2. Use the inverse (opposite) operation. The opposite of multiplying is dividing. Divide 54 by 6.
   54 ÷ 6 = 9
3. Write the missing number.
   6 × 9 = 54

Check. Put it back: 6 × 9 = 54. ✓

Watch out. Do not just put the numbers in the box in the order you see them. Think about what the sentence means.

Key words. A missing number is a number you have to find. Division and multiplication are inverses (opposites): they undo each other.

Method. Use the inverse operation. Multiplication and division undo each other.

1. Say what the sentence means. A number divided by 12 gives 5.
   ? ÷ 12 = 5
2. Use the inverse (opposite) operation. The opposite of dividing by 12 is multiplying by 12.
   5 × 12 = 60
3. Write the missing number.
   60 ÷ 12 = 5

Check. Put it back: 60 ÷ 12 = 5. ✓

Watch out. Do not just put the numbers in the box in the order you see them. Think about what the sentence means.

Key words. A missing number is a number you have to find. Division and multiplication are inverses (opposites): they undo each other.

Method. Use the inverse operation. Multiplication and division undo each other.

1. Say what the sentence means. 63 divided by the missing number makes 7.
   63 ÷ ? = 7
2. Turn it into a multiplication. 7 lots of the missing number make 63.
   7 × ? = 63, so ? = 63 ÷ 7
3. Work out the division. Count up in 7s, or use the 7 times table.
   63 ÷ 7 = 9
4. Write the missing number.
   63 ÷ 9 = 7

Check. Put it back: 63 ÷ 9 = 7. ✓

Watch out. Do not just put the numbers in the box in the order you see them. Think about what the sentence means.

Key words. A missing number is a number you have to find. Division and multiplication are inverses (opposites): they undo each other.

Method. Use the inverse operation. Multiplication and division undo each other.

1. Say what the sentence means. We need the number that 8 is multiplied by to make 96.
   96 = 8 × ?
2. Use the inverse (opposite) operation. The opposite of multiplying is dividing. Divide 96 by 8.
   96 ÷ 8 = 12
3. Write the missing number.
   8 × 12 = 96

Check. Put it back: 8 × 12 = 96. ✓

Watch out. Do not just put the numbers in the box in the order you see them. Think about what the sentence means.

Key words. A missing number is a number you have to find. Division and multiplication are inverses (opposites): they undo each other.

Method. Use the inverse operation. Multiplication and division undo each other.

1. Say what the sentence means. A number divided by 4 gives 11.
   ? ÷ 4 = 11
2. Use the inverse (opposite) operation. The opposite of dividing by 4 is multiplying by 4.
   11 × 4 = 44
3. Write the missing number.
   44 ÷ 4 = 11

Check. Put it back: 44 ÷ 4 = 11. ✓

Watch out. Do not just put the numbers in the box in the order you see them. Think about what the sentence means.

Key words. A missing number is a number you have to find. Division and multiplication are inverses (opposites): they undo each other.

Method. Use the inverse operation. Multiplication and division undo each other.

1. Say what the sentence means. 110 divided by the missing number makes 10.
   110 ÷ ? = 10
2. Turn it into a multiplication. 10 lots of the missing number make 110.
   10 × ? = 110, so ? = 110 ÷ 10
3. Work out the division. Count up in 10s, or use the 10 times table.
   110 ÷ 10 = 11
4. Write the missing number.
   110 ÷ 11 = 10

Check. Put it back: 110 ÷ 11 = 10. ✓

Watch out. Do not just put the numbers in the box in the order you see them. Think about what the sentence means.

Method. Check a division by multiplying. Multiply the answer by the number you divided by. You should get back to the number you started with.

1. Write the division and the answer. We want to check if the answer is right.
   63 ÷ 7 = 8
2. Multiply the answer by the number you divided by. Multiplication is the opposite of division. It should take us back to the start.
   8 × 7 = 56
3. Compare with the number you started with. We started with 63.
   56 is not the same as 63
   The correct answer: 9 × 7 = 63, so 63 ÷ 7 = 9
4. Write the answer.
   Wrong. The answer is 9.

Check. 9 × 7 = 63. ✓

Watch out. If the multiplication does not take you back to the start, the division is wrong.

Method. Check a division by multiplying. Multiply the answer by the number you divided by. You should get back to the number you started with.

1. Write the division and the answer. We want to check if the answer is right.
   56 ÷ 8 = 6
2. Multiply the answer by the number you divided by. Multiplication is the opposite of division. It should take us back to the start.
   6 × 8 = 48
3. Compare with the number you started with. We started with 56.
   48 is not the same as 56
   The correct answer: 7 × 8 = 56, so 56 ÷ 8 = 7
4. Write the answer.
   Wrong. The answer is 7.

Check. 7 × 8 = 56. ✓

Watch out. If the multiplication does not take you back to the start, the division is wrong.

Method. Check a division by multiplying. Multiply the answer by the number you divided by. You should get back to the number you started with.

1. Write the division and the answer. We want to check if the answer is right.
   72 ÷ 9 = 8
2. Multiply the answer by the number you divided by. Multiplication is the opposite of division. It should take us back to the start.
   8 × 9 = 72
3. Compare with the number you started with. We started with 72.
   72 is the same as 72
4. Write the answer.
   Correct

Check. 8 × 9 = 72. ✓

Watch out. If the multiplication does not take you back to the start, the division is wrong.

Method. Check a division by multiplying. Multiply the answer by the number you divided by. You should get back to the number you started with.

1. Write the division and the answer. We want to check if the answer is right.
   45 ÷ 5 = 8
2. Multiply the answer by the number you divided by. Multiplication is the opposite of division. It should take us back to the start.
   8 × 5 = 40
3. Compare with the number you started with. We started with 45.
   40 is not the same as 45
   The correct answer: 9 × 5 = 45, so 45 ÷ 5 = 9
4. Write the answer.
   Wrong. The answer is 9.

Check. 9 × 5 = 45. ✓

Watch out. If the multiplication does not take you back to the start, the division is wrong.