Year 4 · Times Tables · Summary

Year 4 Times Tables: summary and key words

Part of the Year 4 times tables chapter. Chapter overview · whole chapter on one page

Chapter summary

Skill	Method
Multiplication	Equal groups: 3 × 4 = 4 + 4 + 4. An array has rows and columns. 3 × 4 = 4 × 3 (order does not matter).
× 0 and × 1	Any number × 0 = 0. Any number × 1 = the same number. Any number ÷ 1 = the same number.
2, 4, 8	Double (× 2). Double double (× 4). Double three times (× 8).
10 and 5	× 10: digits move one place left. × 5: do × 10 and halve.
3, 6, 12	× 3 = double + one more. × 6 = × 5 + one more. × 12 = × 10 + × 2.
9	× 9 = × 10 take away one lot. The digits of the answer add to 9. Finger trick.
7 and 11	× 7 = × 5 + × 2 (learn 56 = 7 × 8). × 11: write the digit twice up to 9, then × 10 + one more.
Square numbers	1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144.
Division facts	Use the inverse: 56 ÷ 7 = ? means 7 × ? = 56. A fact family has 4 facts (2 if the factors are equal).
Special division	n ÷ 1 = n. n ÷ n = 1. 0 ÷ n = 0. Never divide by 0.
Factor pairs	Test 1, 2, 3, ... Write every pair that multiplies to make the number. 1 and the number itself are always a pair.
Three numbers	Multiply in any order. Look for a pair that makes 10 (like 2 × 5).
Known facts	6 × 7 = 42 gives 60 × 7 = 420, 6 × 70 = 420 and 420 ÷ 7 = 60. Add or take away one group; double or halve.
Word problems	Draw a bar model. Total to find: multiply. Total to share or split: divide. Write the unit.

I can use arrays, equal groups and number lines to show multiplication.
I know that 3 × 4 = 4 × 3, and I can multiply by 0 and 1 and divide by 1.
I can recall every multiplication fact up to 12 × 12 and use a trick if I forget.
I can recall the division facts that go with them.
I can write a fact family and find missing numbers.
I can find factor pairs of a number.
I can multiply three numbers by choosing an easy pair first.
I can use a known fact to work out facts like 60 × 7 and 420 ÷ 7.
I can solve multiplication and division word problems with a bar model.
I can answer times table questions quickly, in 6 seconds each.

Multiply: To find the total of equal groups. 3 × 4 means 3 groups of 4.
Product: The answer to a multiplication.
Factor: A number that divides exactly into another number. Also, the numbers you multiply are called factors.
Factor pair: Two factors that multiply to make a number, such as 3 and 4 for 12.
Multiple: A number in a times table. The multiples of 4 are 4, 8, 12, 16...
Array: Objects in rows and columns.
Commutative: You can swap the order and the answer stays the same. 3 × 4 = 4 × 3.
Square number: A number multiplied by itself, such as 5 × 5 = 25.
Double / Halve: Double means × 2. Halve means ÷ 2.
Inverse: The opposite operation. Multiplying and dividing undo each other.
Fact family: The multiplication and division facts that use the same three numbers.
Divide: To share equally or to split into equal groups.
Known fact: A fact you can recall without working it out.
Derived fact: A new fact worked out from a known fact.
Bar model: A drawing of bars that shows the numbers in a problem.