Year 1: Make 10 to add
Part of the Year 1 adding and subtracting within 20 chapter. Chapter overview · whole chapter on one page · Download worksheet (PDF) · Answers (PDF)
Make 10 to add
A ten frame has ten boxes, in two rows of five. We put one counter in each box.
To add 8 and 5, first make 10. Put 8 counters on one ten frame. Two more counters fill it up to 10. There are 3 counters left on the other frame. So 10 and 3 make 13.
Key ideas
- Fill up the first number to 10 first.
- Then add what is left of the second number.
- Ten and some more is easy: 10 + 3 = 13.
- Some number bonds to 10 help: 8 needs 2 to make 10.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 8 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.8 counters
- Add 2 more to make 10. 8 needs 2 more to make 10.8 + 2 = 10
- Use the rest of the 5. 5 − 2 = 3, so 3 counters are left over.10 + 3 = 13
- Write the answer. 13
Check. Check: start at 5 and count on 8. You also reach 13. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 9 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.9 counters
- Add 1 more to make 10. 9 needs 1 more to make 10.9 + 1 = 10
- Use the rest of the 6. 6 − 1 = 5, so 5 counters are left over.10 + 5 = 15
- Write the answer. 15
Check. Check: start at 6 and count on 9. You also reach 15. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 7 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.7 counters
- Add 3 more to make 10. 7 needs 3 more to make 10.7 + 3 = 10
- Use the rest of the 9. 9 − 3 = 6, so 6 counters are left over.10 + 6 = 16
- Write the answer. 16
Check. Check: start at 9 and count on 7. You also reach 16. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Watch out
Watch out: remember to take the counters you used from the second number. For 8 + 5, 8 needs 2 to make 10, so 5 − 2 = 3 is left over. Then 10 + 3 = 13.
Exam tip
Grown-up tip. Draw two ten frames on paper, or use an egg box with 10 spaces. Ask: “How many more to fill the first one?” Then ask: “How many are left over?”
Exercise 5B Making 10 to add
Non-calculatorKey words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 9 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.9 counters
- Add 1 more to make 10. 9 needs 1 more to make 10.9 + 1 = 10
- Use the rest of the 3. 3 − 1 = 2, so 2 counters are left over.10 + 2 = 12
- Write the answer. 12
Check. Check: start at 3 and count on 9. You also reach 12. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 8 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.8 counters
- Add 2 more to make 10. 8 needs 2 more to make 10.8 + 2 = 10
- Use the rest of the 4. 4 − 2 = 2, so 2 counters are left over.10 + 2 = 12
- Write the answer. 12
Check. Check: start at 4 and count on 8. You also reach 12. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 7 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.7 counters
- Add 3 more to make 10. 7 needs 3 more to make 10.7 + 3 = 10
- Use the rest of the 5. 5 − 3 = 2, so 2 counters are left over.10 + 2 = 12
- Write the answer. 12
Check. Check: start at 5 and count on 7. You also reach 12. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 9 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.9 counters
- Add 1 more to make 10. 9 needs 1 more to make 10.9 + 1 = 10
- Use the rest of the 5. 5 − 1 = 4, so 4 counters are left over.10 + 4 = 14
- Write the answer. 14
Check. Check: start at 5 and count on 9. You also reach 14. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 6 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.6 counters
- Add 4 more to make 10. 6 needs 4 more to make 10.6 + 4 = 10
- Use the rest of the 7. 7 − 4 = 3, so 3 counters are left over.10 + 3 = 13
- Write the answer. 13
Check. Check: start at 7 and count on 6. You also reach 13. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 8 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.8 counters
- Add 2 more to make 10. 8 needs 2 more to make 10.8 + 2 = 10
- Use the rest of the 6. 6 − 2 = 4, so 4 counters are left over.10 + 4 = 14
- Write the answer. 14
Check. Check: start at 6 and count on 8. You also reach 14. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 9 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.9 counters
- Add 1 more to make 10. 9 needs 1 more to make 10.9 + 1 = 10
- Use the rest of the 8. 8 − 1 = 7, so 7 counters are left over.10 + 7 = 17
- Write the answer. 17
Check. Check: start at 8 and count on 9. You also reach 17. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 7 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.7 counters
- Add 3 more to make 10. 7 needs 3 more to make 10.7 + 3 = 10
- Use the rest of the 9. 9 − 3 = 6, so 6 counters are left over.10 + 6 = 16
- Write the answer. 16
Check. Check: start at 9 and count on 7. You also reach 16. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 5 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.5 counters
- Add 5 more to make 10. 5 needs 5 more to make 10.5 + 5 = 10
- Use the rest of the 8. 8 − 5 = 3, so 3 counters are left over.10 + 3 = 13
- Write the answer. 13
Check. Check: start at 8 and count on 5. You also reach 13. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 8 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.8 counters
- Add 2 more to make 10. 8 needs 2 more to make 10.8 + 2 = 10
- Use the rest of the 9. 9 − 2 = 7, so 7 counters are left over.10 + 7 = 17
- Write the answer. 17
Check. Check: start at 9 and count on 8. You also reach 17. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 7 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.7 counters
- Add 3 more to make 10. 7 needs 3 more to make 10.7 + 3 = 10
- Use the rest of the 6. 6 − 3 = 3, so 3 counters are left over.10 + 3 = 13
- Write the answer. 13
Check. Check: start at 6 and count on 7. You also reach 13. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 6 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.6 counters
- Add 4 more to make 10. 6 needs 4 more to make 10.6 + 4 = 10
- Use the rest of the 8. 8 − 4 = 4, so 4 counters are left over.10 + 4 = 14
- Write the answer. 14
Check. Check: start at 8 and count on 6. You also reach 14. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 4 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.4 counters
- Add 6 more to make 10. 4 needs 6 more to make 10.4 + 6 = 10
- Use the rest of the 9. 9 − 6 = 3, so 3 counters are left over.10 + 3 = 13
- Write the answer. 13
Check. Check: start at 9 and count on 4. You also reach 13. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 3 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.3 counters
- Add 7 more to make 10. 3 needs 7 more to make 10.3 + 7 = 10
- Use the rest of the 9. 9 − 7 = 2, so 2 counters are left over.10 + 2 = 12
- Write the answer. 12
Check. Check: start at 9 and count on 3. You also reach 12. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Key words. To make 10 is to fill up to 10 first, then add the rest.
Method. Fill the first ten frame to make 10. Then add what is left over.
- Put 2 counters on the first ten frame. We need 10 counters to make a full frame.2 counters
- Add 8 more to make 10. 2 needs 8 more to make 10.2 + 8 = 10
- Use the rest of the 9. 9 − 8 = 1, so 1 counters are left over.10 + 1 = 11
- Write the answer. 11
Check. Check: start at 9 and count on 2. You also reach 11. ✓
Watch out. Fill the frame up to 10 first. Do not forget to take the counters you used from the second number.
Method. Swapping the two numbers does not change the total.
- Work out 6 + 7. Add the first number and the second number.6 + 7 = 13
- Now work out 7 + 6. Swap the numbers round and add again.7 + 6 = 13
- Compare the two totals. Are they the same?13 = 13
- Write the answer. Yes. Both give 13.
Check. Count on 7 from 6, or count on 6 from 7. You reach 13 both ways. ✓
Watch out. The order of the numbers does not change the total. Try another pair to check.
Method. Use a ten frame. Nine needs 1 more to make 10. Then take that 1 from the 4.
- Fill the first frame with 9. Nine needs 1 more to make 10.9 + 1 = 10
- Take that 1 from the 4. Four counters become 3 counters.4 − 1 = 3
- Add the rest to 10. Ten and 3 is 13.10 + 3 = 13
- Write the answer. So 9 + 4 is the same as 10 + 3. Both are 13.
Check. Count on 4 from 9: 10, 11, 12, 13. ✓
Watch out. Moving one counter does not change the total.